Learning English
1 be
have and do
2 other verbs
tense and aspect
3 past
TIP
present past future | affirmative negative interrogative forms
Perfect
Modals
LEARNING OBJECTIVE: learn and discuss about three fundamental turning points in English grammar, including verb usage, tenses, and modals.
We will cover essential aspects of English grammar and provide a solid foundation for intermediate ESL students.
Turning Point 1 focuses on the fundamental verbs "be," "have," and "do." These verbs are essential in English grammar.
Turning Point 2 deals with other verbs, tense, and aspect in English grammar.
Turning Point 3 focuses specifically on the past tense.
"Have" is often used to indicate possession, while "do" is an auxiliary verb used to form questions and negatives in the present tense.
Present Affirmative: I have a book.
Present Negative: I don't have a book.
Present Interrogative: Do you have a book?
Present Affirmative: I do my homework.
Present Negative: I don't do my homework.
Present Interrogative: Do you do your homework?
I play soccer.
Identify the verb in the sentence above and change it into the past tense.
What is the difference between "play" and "played." ?
Different verb tenses and aspects are used to describe actions happening at different times in the past, present, and future.
Simple Present: I eat breakfast every day.
Present Continuous: I am eating breakfast right now.
Simple Past: I ate breakfast yesterday.
Past Continuous: I was eating breakfast when you called.
In the past tense, regular verbs follow a pattern (-ed), while irregular verbs change in various ways.
Affirmative: He walked to the store.
Negative: She didn't walk to the store.
Interrogative: Did they walk to the store?
Affirmative: She ate lunch.
Negative: They didn't eat lunch.
Interrogative: Did he eat lunch?
The perfect tense is used to indicate actions that are completed in relation to a specific time.
Present Perfect: I have finished my work.
Past Perfect: She had already left when I arrived.
Future Perfect: They will have completed the project by next week.
Modal verbs express necessity, ability, permission, or advice.
Can: She can swim.
Must: You must study for the test.
Should: He should eat more vegetables.
Present, Past, Future | Affirmative, Negative, Interrogative Forms
5 minutes
Present: I play / I don't play / Do I play?
Past: I played / I didn't play / Did I play?
Future: I will play / I won't play / Will I play?
can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should ...
Discuss the three fundamental turning points in English grammar, including verb usage, tenses, and modals.
Practice forming affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences using be, have, and do.
Be: Present tense (am, is, are), past tense (was, were)
Have: Present tense (have, has), past tense (had)
Do: Present tense (do, does), past tense (did)
Present: He is happy. / They have a car. / She does her homework.
Past: He was tired. / They had a party. / She did her laundry.
Practice forming affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences.
Simple Present: I read a book.
Present Continuous: I am reading a book.
Present Perfect: I have read a book.
Practice forming affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences.
Regular: I walked to school.
Irregular: She ate lunch.
The three main turning points in grammar for an English Language Learner (ELL)
Understanding the basic building blocks of English grammar
This includes understanding the different parts of speech, how to form sentences, and how to use basic grammar structures such as subject-verb agreement and verb tenses.
Mastering more complex grammar concepts
This includes understanding how to use modal verbs, conditionals, and passive voice.
Using grammar to express oneself fluently and accurately
This includes being able to use grammar correctly in a variety of contexts, such as academic writing, professional communication, and social interaction.
Understanding the basic building blocks of English grammar
This is the first step for any ELL learner. It is important to have a solid understanding of the basic building blocks of English grammar before moving on to more complex concepts. Some of the key topics that ELL learners need to master at this stage include:
The different parts of speech (nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections)
How to form sentences (subject-verb agreement, word order, etc.)
Basic grammar structures such as present tense, past tense, and future tense
Mastering more complex grammar concepts
Once ELL learners have a good understanding of the basics, they can start to master more complex grammar concepts. Some of the key topics that ELL learners need to focus on at this stage include:
Modal verbs (can, could, may, might, must, etc.)
Conditionals (if clauses)
Passive voice
Complex sentence structures (compound sentences, complex sentences, compound-complex sentences)
3. Using grammar to express oneself fluently and accurately
The final turning point for ELL learners is to be able to use grammar correctly in a variety of contexts. This includes being able to:
Write and speak grammatically correctly in academic and professional settings
Use grammar to express complex ideas and emotions
Understand and respond to grammatically complex language
It is important to note that these turning points are not necessarily linear. ELL learners may progress at different rates and may experience setbacks along the way. However, understanding these turning points can help ELL learners to set realistic goals and track their progress.
Write a short paragraph using the past tense, a perfect tense, and at least one modal verb.