politics

Iraqi politicians and their candidates / 2018

Fever of Election in Iraq

To those who are well aware with the political state in Iraq and what is going on in all its whole scenes would reach a conclusion that it is obviously not real politics but it could be something else because it lacks most rules and conditions of politics as a definite well-known science for many reasons. First of all, when the campaign of election for the parliament starts in every part of Iraq, we all see those candidates tries in their publicity for election to achieve their hidden goals in devious and twisted ways. They behave in their attitudes which shows no principles and ideals as well. In addition, each one of them does his best to corrupt the fame of the others publicly. Moreover, in their meetings or interviews they find it a means of slander and also defamation. They also seek immoral conducts again and again towards political abstraction and sometimes to keep them away from the whole process of election. Besides, some of them intend to end other lives by murder and some other illegal ways such as tearing the images of each other's and replacement of posters of dead fighters with those of candidates and this deed is a kind of "big insult" to the memory of those fighters "who had sacrificed their lives so that we can live in peace and security". After all, it is clear that this election as before will certainly not bring any stability and peace to Iraqi people as whole, and also it doesn't show that it will make any differences in the political map of Iraq in the near visible future. At last, we do hope instead of these bad and impolite manners and misbehavior and misuse of power would be replaced by more civilized conducts and more democratic ways as well to make changes in the whole politic body of Government towards the best welfare of Iraq.

2018-Duhok: Ahmed Ali

What does cold war mean?

Cold War

The Cold War is the war that broke out between the powers of the Great World (the United States and the Soviet Union) during the Second World War, and was called the Cold War to reflect the intensity of the conflict that broke out between the two superpowers and their allies, which lasted for decades, describing the state of conflict and rivalry and tension between them without a real war on Land, that is, it was an unspoken silent war between the two parties.

The cause of the cold war

The capitalists and Bolshevik challenges led to mistrust and suspicion between the two sides of the conflict. The Soviet Union and the United States of America, where the Soviet Union dropped many capitalist regimes to replace them with Communist regimes, and Russia's withdrawal from World War I by holding the Brest Litovsk Treaty with Germany's support of the "white movement" by the United States as an overt intervention in the Russian home during the civil war in Russia, the non-recognition of the Soviet Union by the United States, which it refused to recognize until 1933, and many other events all have led to deepening suspicion and mistrust and differences between the parties.

During the Second World War and despite joint efforts, the Soviets suspected a conspiracy between the Americans and the British to bear the brunt of the fighting in Nazi Germany, which turned into a kind of hidden hostility. After the Allies agreed on the shape that Europe would have after the Second World War and the demarcation of the borders between the countries there, the views of both sides differed in this field. Each one had an opinion on the ways of establishing and protecting international peace in the period following the war. The Soviet model was based on integration with their borders, in order to avoid the devastation caused by the invasion, especially the destruction caused by its unprecedented war with the Germans. Moscow was the target of the new European order. With Soviet security and the conflict intensified between the two parties, and this led it to start the Cold War and its meaning, which ended in the early nineties of the last century, the fall of the Soviet Union, to simplify the capital after the government of America control over the entire world.

24-11-2018

Territorial State

The idea of territorial State was related to collective security of nations and to establish rule of law for the equal protection of sovereign States from indiscriminate use of force by the higher or stronger authority. The territorial State system originating in the swinging between war and peace.

Territorial State (Two views)

The first one:

Introduction

With the revolution of technology, a series of new social phenomena have come into being. One of which is the abrogation of space and time. A variety of social research deal with the situation of boundlessness. The subjects include globalization. The border of a state marked the control of national authority. However, the holy nature of territorial borders has been swept away by a pace of change expedited by the improvement in communication technology. This inevitably resulted in the crisis of national sovereignty. I would like to investigate the traditional concept of state sovereignty and two of the challenging powers to it: Transnational organization and the principle of international information order-free flow.

The Notion of Territorial State

The concept of state sovereignty is evolved on the basis of boundary. Since the end of World War, this notion has been interpreted on two levels: internal and external. Internal sovereignty means that a state has supreme jurisdiction over the people, resources, and all other authorities within the territory under its control. While, external sovereignty means that the territorial integrity of a state is inviolate. Both levels of state sovereignty are centered the idea of frontiers. The evidence of the erosion of state sovereignty has increased. These challenge to the state's control powers to a great extent associated with the rapid development of communication technology. Two of these challenging forces to be investigated at the sections below are the free market and private corporation as well as the free flow of information.

The second one:

Territorial State or nation state

Every square meter of habitable space on the Earth is under the jurisdiction of a nation state. The nation states, in other words, are also territorial states, in the sense that they exert their political power over a defined territory. The terms are interchangeable and their use depends on the narrative emphasis: nation state, when talking about political, judicial and cultural structures; and territorial state when referring to geographic area, physical resources, infrastructure, borders and boundaries. There are states, such as the United States and Japan, whose borders coincide with the territorial limits of a shared nationality and there are others that are made up of various cultural nationalities (such as Spain, Canada, Belgium and Bolivia), and there are also cultures that are split into different nation states. Such is the case with the Germans, who are majorities in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Each state acquires a specific name, generally related to its particular cultural condition or political regime. What we often call England, for example, is officially called the United Kingdom, to recognize that it is a territoriality plural state that includes Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The official name of Switzerland is the Swiss Confederation, because of its federal structure of autonomous cantons that incorporate four cultures. The United States of America also alludes to its federal nature and the Dominican Republic’s name recognizes its republican form of government. Despite these internal differences, all of these are nation states.

Quoted and adapted