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Figure 1 shows the number of neurons and synapses a child has at birth, 6 years old, and 14 years old.
Figure 1: The number of neurological synapses in a child at birth, 6 years old, and 14 years old.
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Figure 2 shows the change in rate of development and synapse density as a child gets older. As trillions of synapses form during the first few years, the developing brain undergoes a natural process of pruning unused neural connections.
Figure 2: The rate and density of growth of the span of a person’s life.[4]
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This pruning process ensures that the neurons and connections used are maximized and strengthened. The pruning process sheds light on the detrimental and long-lasting impact of trauma, neglect, and abuse on young children. Lack of experiences or experiences due to abuse and/or neglect have an impact on children’s brain growth. Early negative experiences may result in neural pathways that lead to developmental delays and challenges in multiple areas.
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