Preserving our Knowledge:

Protecting our Elders

By: Mendoza Nastacio

Zuni/Hopi

Mendoza Nastacio- Final Presentation.webm

My Research

Sharing One Skin by Jeanette Armstrong

Armstrong, Jeanette. “Sharing One Skin: The Okanagan Community,” in Jerry Mander and Edward Goldsmith (eds), The Case Against the Global Economy. San Francisco, CA, Sierra Club Books, 1996. Pp 460-470.

Sharing One Skin was about an Okanogan lady who describes her way of growing up. She goes into depth with her language,culture, and traditions and tells her story. Also she describes the four capacities of self which is the whole main idea of this story. She explains how we are as humans and how we react with the environment around them. Language is the most important thing to an Okanagan because it tells what kind of people they are and they are proud of it.

My connection in the story was on point. I liked how she produces setting throughout the story and keeps it going with language. I connect with her when she says,¨We think of our language as the language of the land.¨(Armstrong 4) We as Zuni´s would think the same too because our language connects to mother earth it is why we are here. We can never forget this language because it is what helped us with genocide and other problems we had before. This was just an overall good article about tradition and culture.

Native American Identity Horse,

Perry G. “Native American Identity.” New Directions for Student Services, no. 109, © Wiley Periodicals, Inc, 2005. Pp. 61-68.


The article Native American Identity talks about the Native Americans of today. Young people have chosen not to speak their language and slowly we are becoming the white man. We have adapted to their ways like government, English, and their packaged foods. People back in the 50´s recall being called American Indians and they were fine with that. America is white-privilege and the Native American people are struggling with adapting and living in a white dominated society. Colonialism is what affected the Native American culture and yet there is no culture left behind.

To me I felt like this article hit all the spots that nobody likes to talk about. I think this is true as we move on with life. In Zuni I hardly see any kids learning the language at home or at school. I think it's because they're no job opportunities in the pueblo. That's why people move out and they become more like white people. It's sad because these people come back home and they are lost. To me this article is speaking facts. I only fear that we do not end up like white people. This was another good article to read and to share my experience about it.

Successful Aging Through the eyes of Alaska Native Elders. What It Means to Be an Elder in Bristol Bay, AK

Lewis, Jordan P. ¨Successful Aging Through the eyes of Alaska Native Elders. What It Means to Be an Elder in Bristol Bay, AK.¨Oxford, 28 Feb. 2011, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3945528/. Accessed 4 Feb. 2021

This article started by a simple question asking to define a successful older age and what it meant to age well. Much of them said vital health and the well being of the community and also family. This research also talks about the 4 elements of eldership. Most of these elders may have experienced trauma in their life. These elders stayed away from drugs and wished their children to live a happy long life. Also the element 3 spirituality ties in to remember who we are as Native Americans or other Natives.

I like how this article really got deep in their research. I can say elders down here in Zuni also wish their kids to live a happy long life. Some of these individuals also experienced trauma in their life so maybe that's why people down here teach their kids to do better in life. I also feel like the four elements are relevant to what an elder really means. It gives us a definition and a role model to look up to in life. This article was on the point.

The Role of Elders in the Wellbeing of a Contemporary Australian Indigenous Community

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338736650_The_Role_of_Elders_in_the_Wellbeing_of_a_Contemporary_Australian_Indigenous_Community?enrichId=rgreq-a6664a119ab59527671b634a46bd8fb4-XXX&enrichSource=Y292ZXJQYWdlOzMzODczNjY1MDtBUzo4ODMyNTAyNzY4NzYyODhAMTU4NzU5NDY4NDY4OQ%3D%3D&el=1_x_3&_esc=publicationCoverPdf. Accessed 4 Feb. 2021


In this article the Australian communities are facing challenges in their area like assimilation, racism, and also poor access to health care. This affects the wellbeing of others and these elders in the community are looked upon as good role models. Also these elders have experienced trauma such as the removal of their children to attend better catholic schools. This divided their culture into pieces and some of them don't remember anything about where they come from. These put the elders in a critical role to seek the needs of the community and point out what's working and what's not.

Just like the other article this is the same. I don't recall Zuni being taken over by other people for our kids. These people have faced the same trauma like the other pueblos. To me I think this is what makes us resilient in some way. We are still here as people and it's sad to see in some parts of the world they can't provide for their elders. These people are history and we can never have that back once it's all gone.

American Indian Boarding Schools

Johansen, Bruce E. "American Indian Boarding Schools." The American Mosaic: The American Indian Experience, ABC-CLIO, 2021, americanindian.abc-clio.com/Topics/Display/1513238?cid=41&sid=1513238. Accessed 17 Feb. 2021.


This article was about the intention of why boarding schools were created. They were to strip a person from their Native American Identity and convert them to “citizens''. Most of these people were children because it would be easier to convert them. Some of these schools were military based and it forced people to cut their hair and wear army style clothes. Also some of these kids resisted and they paid the price because they knew what religion they wanted to believe in. In some way boarding schools created an activist era and turned Natives to militants.

I think this is a way someone could lose language and culture. By now ,most of these kids should be elders by now and I think this makes them resilient. They have survived trauma and the assimilation of their culture and still decided to come back home. I think also some of them have lost their ways in their life. They may not have knowledge to give to the younger generation. That is the reason why I think some people do not know the history or the language from where they come from.

Trail Of Tears

Bertolet, Jennifer L. "Trail of Tears." The American Mosaic: The American Indian Experience, ABC-CLIO, 2021, americanindian.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1385378. Accessed 4 Mar. 2021.


This article was about the Trail of Tears and how it started. It was a time when the Cherokee nation and Euro-Americans didn’t like each other. There was gold on their land and they were forced to move. Andrew Jackson was not happy and he was determined to get that piece of land. The Cherokees were held at gunpoint and were told to leave as they could not grab their belongings. The journey was about 1,200 miles and they made it to their destination. This is what makes them resilient because they have made history and we are here today reading about it.

I think also this impacts elders because it was a historical event. Things like this have an impact on a community because who knows if some of the people who did not make that were they religious. Because I would think they would want to give of the teachings that they were brought up with and pass it to the younger generations. This is how history has an impact on us.

Life Themes of Native Hawaiin Female Elders: Resources for Cultural Preservation

Mokuau, Noreen. “Life Themes of Native Hawaiin Female Elders: Resources for Cultural Preservation.”Social Work, file:///media/fuse/drivefs-85b2d25631018a290f0843d76335758c/root/Native%20Hawaiian%20Female%20leaders-Resources%20for%20cultural%20preservation.pdf. Accessed 10 Mar. 2021


This article started its research by interviewing 6 women who lived outside the residential care facility for the elders and poor people. They listed their research in three phrases listed as Preparation, Oral Interview, and preservation. It seems like in Hawaii they care about love and how it is special between the family. They all work together as a team to preserve their knowledge to their young ones. Also it talks about nature like it has a life and the women connected to how it was related to their culture and traditions.

My connection to this is that it seems like these women have a big role in the community. Just like us Zunis our women are vital to the way of life. Without them we wouldn't be here. I also like how these women talked about the land and how it tides and connects between their spiritual beliefs. It seems like this article had a good strategy to get this information out. We are all alike in some way.

Native American Oral Storytelling & History

Fairchild, Seth. “Native American Oral Storytelling & History.” Youtube, Upload by Tedx Talks, 3 Nov. 2015 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JcKbN_GjCE


This video was about Celia, a Native woman who went to the federal court to get her recognized as a Native American. He also mentions when an elder dies a library dies with them and it's true. He states why he did this project and it was to look back as Native American people and see how much progress we’ve made, the bad and good. He also states that history is important because without it we are lost. He makes this talk as if he were talking to young people.

I feel like I very much connect to this video. This guy speaks a lot of facts in this video even when he states that when an elder dies a library dies with them. He states how if we do not learn our history we are lost without it. Without it we wouldn't be able to move forward like how he mentions in his video. This guy makes a good presentation on why it is important to be Native American and the history behind this video is gold.

Bibliography

Bertolet, Jennifer L. "Trail of Tears." The American Mosaic: The American Indian Experience, ABC-CLIO, 2021, americanindian.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1385378. Accessed 4 Mar. 2021

Busija, Lucy, et al. ¨The Role of Elders in the Wellbeing of a Contemporary Australian Indigenous Community.¨ The Gerontologist, 30 Nov. 2018, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338736650_The_Role_of_Elders_in_the_Wellbeing_of_a_Contemporary_Australian_Indigenous_Community?enrichId=rgreq-a6664a119ab59527671b634a46bd8fb4-XXX&enrichSource=Y292ZXJQYWdlOzMzODczNjY1MDtBUzo4ODMyNTAyNzY4NzYyODhAMTU4NzU5NDY4NDY4OQ%3D%3D&el=1_x_3&_esc=publicationCoverPdf. Accessed 4 Feb. 2021

Fairchild, Seth. “Native American Oral Storytelling & History.” Youtube, Upload by Tedx Talks, 3 Nov. 2015 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JcKbN_GjCE

Horse, Perry G. “Native American Identity.” New Directions for Student Services, no. 109, © Wiley Periodicals, Inc, 2005. Pp. 61-68.

Johansen, Bruce E. "American Indian Boarding Schools." The American Mosaic: The American Indian Experience, ABC-CLIO, 2021, americanindian.abc-clio.com/Topics/Display/1513238?cid=41&sid=1513238. Accessed 17 Feb. 2021.

Lewis, Jordan P. ¨Successful Aging Through the eyes of Alaska Native Elders. What It Means to Be an Elder in Bristol Bay, AK.¨Oxford, 28 Feb. 2011, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3945528/. Accessed 4 Feb. 2021

Minnesota Historical Society. MPR News. 1900. https://www.mprnews.org/story/2020/01/10/education-on-history-of-indian-boarding-schools-gets-a-boost)

Mokuau, Noreen. “Life Themes of Native Hawaiin Female Elders: Resources for Cultural Preservation.”Social Work, file:///media/fuse/drivefs-85b2d25631018a290f0843d76335758c/root/Native%20Hawaiian%20Female%20leaders-Resources%20for%20cultural%20preservation.pdf. Accessed 10 Mar. 2021