In Perry G. Horse's ¨Native American Identity¨ he talks about how Native American and American Indian are interchangeable. He begins with talking about how his grandma said “Someday we’re all going to be like white people,” in 1950¨ (61). Horse tells us how native americans are becoming like white people by saying ¨we can speak and write like them¨(61). He then describes how they became used to identifying as american indian because ¨all the major organizations that dealt with Indian issues carried that designation¨(Horse, 62). Horse then goes into how white privilege is a thing than ¨all others are then underprivileged by definition, or so it would seem¨(63). Horse brings up how being indian has changed from ¨1803 American Indians in the West freely roamed and occupied their respective territories. By 1903 they were all confined to reservations¨(65). He then talks about how people from more than one tribal are conflicted with the question ¨what are you anyway?¨(66). Horse then tells us ¨those born before 1950 tend to be comfortable with being called American Indian. Those born later in the twentieth century seem accustomed to the term Native American¨(66)

In this study they talk about “factors specific to athletics have been identified that may further impact their mental health”(Mental Health 2). In the time I played football and basketball everyone prided themselves when they were on the team. From the times I was playing in elementary to high school I made great accomplishments that while playing. ¨Many student-athletes define themselves by their athletic accomplishments and take pride in being an athlete¨ (¨Mental Health¨ 2 ) is the first unique risk factor. They talk about how this can lead to a mental health disorder if threatened in some way. The next risk factor is ¨The pressure and demands placed on student-athletes can be both intrinsic and extrinsic, as well as both emotional and physical¨ (¨Mental health¨ 3). Another Risk factor is ¨The tremendous time and pressure burden student-athletes face may also help explain why student-athletes report insufficient sleep (Mental Health 3). ¨Overtraining, insufficient sleep, and chronic fatigue all play a role in the development of musculoskeletal injuries. These injuries can also cause significant mental and emotional stress and are often the antecedent for the development of a mental disorder¨(¨Mental Health¨ 3) this is one of the last risk factors. This last factor is something you don't want happening as an athlete but it happens. I think it all depends on how big the injury is and how long it affects the athletes playing time.

In this article it talks about what The Days family experienced in the 1950s when the United States tried to “assimilate Native Americans by moving them to cities and eliminating reservations. The 20-year campaign failed to erase Native Americans, but its effects on Indian Country are still felt today” (Nesterak). “The Days were among around 100,000 Native Americans to experience one of the most recent and little-known traumas inflicted on Native peoples by the U.S. government, what the BIA called the Voluntary Relocation Program. Between 1952 and 1972, it provided one-way transportation and a couple hundred dollars to Native Americans willing to move to a city” (Nesterak). A BIA Commissioner called the program "an underfunded, ill-conceived program ... essentially a one-way ticket from rural to urban poverty" (Nesterak). “The goal was to move Native Americans to cities, where they would disappear through assimilation into the white, American mainstream. Then, the government would make tribal land taxable and available for purchase and development. The vision was that eventually there would be no more BIA, no more tribal governments, no more reservations, and no more Native Americans” (Nesterak). This program failed but made “a massive migration that fundamentally changed Indian Country. Today, more than two-thirds of Native Americans live in cities, not on reservations. Economic and psychological wounds are visible today too. On nearly every measure of education, employment, and health, Native people rank near or at the bottom” (Nesterak). During this time “Practicing Indigenous religions was largely against the law, and people had to hide their sacred objects lest they be confiscated by church or government officials and destroyed, or put in a museum” (Nesterak). “In the late 1940s, a group of venerable white men selected by President Harry Truman began working in Washington, D.C...to figure out how to cut federal spending and streamline the executive branch...The solution they proposed was to assimilate Native Americans into white America and eliminate the BIA. And they recommended the government eliminate tribal governments and reservations, too.” (Nesterak). “At the time, "blackness" was defined according to the "one-drop rule," but white America believed "Indianness" could be washed away in just a few generations through intermarriage with whites. This contradictory logic was self-serving for white Americans. More black Americans meant more workers to exploit. Fewer Native Americans meant more land to take”(Nesterak) “The Dawes Act of 1887, for example, did irreparable damage. It chopped up reservations into homesteads and opened up millions of acres of "surplus land" to white settlers...Then, the government forced Native children into boarding schools to be assimilated into the white, Christian mainstream. The founder of the first school summed up his educational philosophy as "Kill the Indian, Save the Man." Conditions were deplorable; abuse was rampant. Many children died and were buried in mass graves or unmarked cemeteries” (Nesterak). “The BIA, which had near-absolute control over Native people's lives, was also underfunded, incompetent, and sometimes corrupt. Even the federal government's own assessment of Indian Country — detailed in the 847-page Meriam Report of 1928 — laid the blame for its problems squarely at the feet of the federal officials, whose policies "would tend to pauperize any race."” (Nesterak). “Congress didn't believe the Navajo reservation, about the size of West Virginia, could support the 55,000 people living there. Where in 1887 the government was getting rid of "surplus land," in 1950 it was concerned about "surplus people." So, they set aside some of the new money to move Navajo and Hopi to cities. The government considered it a success. And then, the BIA got a new commissioner who decided to turn urban relocation into a national program. His name was Dillon S. Myer...Myer viewed reservations as prison camps for Native Americans. He thought they were overpopulated wastelands that could never provide a decent living for people. Anything that might encourage Native people to stay on reservations, like improving schools and hospitals, would be unfairly keeping people in what he described in an oral history as similar to "old time poor houses." (Nesterak).

In this article, it talks about how “The National Latino and Asian American Study reported that while 18% of the general U.S. population sought mental health services and resources, only 8.6% of Asian Americans did so” (McLean Hospital). Another study was done by the University of Maryland to see why Asian Americans weren’t seeking mental health services. “The researchers learned that these individuals faced a range of pressures and problems that discouraged them from seeking help for mental health concerns. Some said they felt tremendous pressure to be academically or professionally successful. To stay focused, they ignored or denied symptoms. Others cited cultural concerns. They explained that mental health was a taboo topic in their communities” (McLean hospital). Geoffrey Liu explains the stigma in the community. “For some Asian Americans, there’s a real sense that your value as a person depends on your ability to take care of your family and community. This way of thinking originated, for East Asians, from an ancient philosophical tradition called Confucianism. Mental illness is seen—and I should emphasize, incorrectly—as taking away a person’s ability to care for others. For that reason, it’s seen as taking away someone’s identity or purpose. It’s the ultimate form of shame” (McLean Hospital). They also say “For some, the pressure of being part of a “model minority” stood in the way of treatment. Many Asian Americans see themselves as part of a group that seamlessly integrated into their new society. They characterize themselves as intelligent, industrious, and fully in charge of their lives. For many, admitting to “weakness” would be letting down the entire community” (McLean Hospital). “Underlying all these factors is mental health stigma. Asian Americans fear being thought of as weak or “crazy” for having a psychological disorder—perhaps more than any other group. Shame and embarrassment force many to struggle in silence and never seek help” (McLean Hospital). They talk about how some Asian American talk to friends, relatives, and members of their church for support instead of contacting mental health professionals

In this article, they talk about the Black community and their struggles with mental health. There is a big stigma in the Black community “One study showed that 63% of Black people believe that a mental health condition is a sign of personal weakness. As a result, people may experience shame about having a mental illness and worry that they may be discriminated against due to their condition”(NAMI). With this stigma “For many in the Black community, it can be incredibly challenging to discuss the topic of mental health due to this concern about how they may be perceived by others''. Instead they say “many people choose to seek support from their faith community rather than seeking a medical diagnosis. In many Black communities in the U.S., the church, mosque or other faith institution can play a central role as a meeting place and source of strength”(NAMI). The stigma of seeking help isnt the only thing that stops them the article says “Black people have historically been negatively affected by prejudice and discrimination in the health care system in the US. And, unfortunately, many Black people still have these negative experiences when they attempt to seek treatment. Provider bias, both conscious and unconscious, and a lack of cultural competency can result in misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment. This ultimately can lead to mistrust of mental health professionals and create a barrier for many to engage in treatment”. They also say “Black people may also be more likely to identify and describe physical symptoms related to mental health problems. For example, they may describe bodily aches and pains when talking about depression. A health care provider who is not culturally competent might not recognize these as symptoms of a mental health condition. Additionally, Black men are more likely to receive a misdiagnosis of schizophrenia when expressing symptoms related to mood disorders or PTSD” (NAMI).