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Hints and Tips for how to write an Analysis are below: This is not directly linked to the Draft IA but a general pointing towards the skills you need to include when writing this area up.
- 5 Different Graduations of the Independent Variable - Relevant and Appropriate
- 3 Repeats of each graduation
- Data shows a clear Trend - Insightful
- Data does not continuously overlap - some overlap is ok - Insightful
- Precision of data recorded to the same d.p as outlined in method, apparatus and in uncertainty
- Units and uncertainties in column headers
- Relevant Qualitative data included in a separate table
- Communication - Data table not over two pages
Example of a Raw Data Table
Example of a Raw Data Table
Pay attention to table headings and titles - these are also marked
Qualitative Data - Example
Qualitative Data - Example
This table was for the previous raw data - No mention of why the trial was repeated a fourth time for the earliest temperature - would expect to see reasoning here
Processed Data
Processed Data
- Examples of calculations in this experiment:
- Kc
- Equilibrium Concentrations
- % Uncertainties
- Overall Uncertainty for rate
- % Accuracy when compared to 2o data
- One sample for all these would be required in a step-by-step calculation
- Includes a Calculation table with all calculated data
- Includes a graph or graphs that show:
- Kc including +/- Uncertainty
Example of Calculation Table
Example of Calculation Table
The % uncertainty for Rate could be included here
Impact of Uncertainties
Impact of Uncertainties
Calculations of uncertainty and absolute uncertainty for each graduation of independent variable shown
Graph shows uncertainty
Calculation of real value uncertainty for each independent variable value
DO NOT AVERAGE THESE OUT OR SUM THEM
This will do here
Interpretation of Data
Interpretation of Data
We aren’t looking for an essay on the quality of your data here
Trends - what trend does it show?
Back up trends with data
Must talk about each graph separately
LIMIT your talk about this WITHIN YOUR RANGE - talking about it generally will cost you marks in the evaluation
Identify measurements that show a higher % uncertainty - identify those that deviate from the line of best fit - if they largely match the line of best fit the data reflects a stronger trend
Make a claim for validity - my results are highly valid - or my results at 10, 30, 50 are valid but at 70…
Does it follow your hypothesis? Can you accept or reject it? Do parts of your data follow the hypothesis more than others?
A word on R Squared
The correlation coefficient has been marketed as an easy win in chemistry and physics - BUT:
You need to set out how you calculate it in your calculations area or it is invalid
Further points to hit when interpreting data
- Patterns and Trends (or lack thereof) in data should be stated with reference to your graphs and tables
- Give examples of data that show trends from your table and the correlation from your graph
- Interpolate or Extrapolate if necessary - explain why and where you would do this
- Link your patterns/trends to associated qualitative data in your table
- Does your data relate to your hypothesis or Research Question? To what extent does it agree/disagree
- Spend a couple of paragraphs talking about the quality of your data, Using R2, Anomalies, Bias or standard deviations to compare different aspects of your independent variable
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