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International relations and cultures Glossary
International relations and cultures Glossary
Glosario de relaciones internacionales y culturas
Glosario de relaciones internacionales y culturas
Cultural Globalisation
The transmission of ideas, meanings and values around the world in a manner that extends the scope and scale of transnational relations. The process is characterised by the consumption of a common culture via the media.
Globalización cultural
La transmisión de ideas, significados y valores alrededor del mundo de una manera que extiende el alcance y la escala de las relaciones transnacionales. El proceso se caracteriza por el consumo de una cultura común a través de los medios de comunicación.
EXAMPLE:
K-pop becoming popular worldwide:
People in Europe, Latin America, Africa, and the Middle East listen to the same Korean music, follow the same groups, learn some Korean expressions, and participate in global fan cultures through social media. This shows how culture spreads and blends across borders.
Ecocentrism
A belief-system associated with the environmental movement that advocates an equal relationship between human beings and the environment. According to their outlook, humans are part of a wider whole with no particular elevated status. Ecocentrism is associated with deep green ecology.
Ecocentrismo
Un sistema de creencias asociado con el movimiento ambientalista que aboga por una relación igualitaria entre los seres humanos y el medio ambiente. Según su perspectiva, los seres humanos son parte de un todo más amplio sin un estatus elevado particular. El ecocentrismo está asociado con la ecología profunda.
EXAMPLE:
A community blocks a development project to protect a wetland, even though it could bring economic benefits.
Their decision is based on the belief that the wetland has intrinsic value providing habitat, maintaining biodiversity, and supporting the ecosystem regardless of its usefulness to humans.
Jus Soli
The legal principle that an individual’s nationality is determined by place of birth. The term is often contrasted with jus sanguinis (the law of descent) in which an individual acquires the nationality of their parents.
Jus Soli
El principio legal según el cual la nacionalidad de un individuo se determina por el lugar de nacimiento. El término a menudo se contrasta con jus sanguinis (la ley de la descendencia) en la que un individuo adquiere la nacionalidad de sus padres.
EXAMPLE:
A baby born in the United States automatically receives U.S. citizenship, even if the parents are from another country.
This is citizenship based on place of birth, which is what jus soli means.
Montreal Protocol
An international treaty signed in 1987 aimed at protecting the ozone layer. The Montreal Protocol has undergone a number of revisions, and remains one of the most successful environmental agreements due to a relatively equitable share of the burden. The Protocol also offered effective solutions.
Protocolo de Montreal
Un tratado internacional firmado en 1987 con el objetivo de proteger la capa de ozono. El Protocolo de Montreal ha pasado por varias revisiones y sigue siendo uno de los acuerdos ambientales más exitosos debido a una distribución relativamente equitativa de la carga. El Protocolo también ofreció soluciones efectivas.
EXAMPLE:
Countries stop producing ozone-depleting CFCs (like those used in old aerosols and refrigerators) after signing the Montreal Protocol in 1987.
This global agreement successfully reduced substances that were destroying the ozone layer and is considered one of the most effective environmental treaties.
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