Unit 3 Skeletal

DISSECTION VIDEO (Long Bone): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yT5l5TySNh8&feature=emb_logo

A video Jordan found: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abgJD054sds

Intro Video Shown in class w/ questions:

Second video shown in class: (See question page for the clip --we didn't watch the entire thing)

Human Body - Pushing the Limits - Strength: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FbvRIvk2iwY&list=PL401213AD338A9E01

After you have studied this chapter, you should be able to:

1. Name the major divisions of the skeleton and describe their relative functions (axial & appendicular)
2. Locate the major cartilage on the adult skeleton (intervertebral disks, costal cartilage, symphysis pubis, etc.).
3. Describe the classification of bone shape and provide examples of each. (skipped 2017-2018)
4. List and describe five important functions of bones.
5. A) Sketch a cross section of a typical long bone and be able to label and describe the structure and functions of epiphysis, diaphysis, spongy bone, compact bone, articular cartilage, epiphyseal plate (or line), periosteum, endosteum, medullary cavity, tendon, ligament, nutrient artery (& nutrient foramen). B) Indicate the locations and functions of red marrow and yellow marrow.
6. Indicate the functional importance of bone markings, especially foramen, process, suture, spine, and fontanels (infants!)
7. Describe the histology of compact bone including central (Haversian) canals, transverse canals, osteon, osteocytes, lamella, lacuna and canaliculi. Know the functions of each!!! (Go back and color the image from your skeletal review packet if you didn't do it already.)
8. Discuss the chemical composition of bone in terms of organic and inorganic matrix and the properties each contributes to. (Vocab: calcium, phosphate, collagen, rigidity, flexibility ---- connect these terms in a sentence to complete this learning target)
9. Be able to distinguish between osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts in terms of features (appearance), location, and function. (And understand their role in blood calcium homeostasis).
10. Explain the role of hormones (calcitonin & PTH), endocrine organs (thyroid & parathyroid), bone cells(osteoblasts and osteoclasts), and other organs (kidneys and digestive) on maintaining blood Ca⁺² levels. (skipped 2017-2018 - just the other organs part)
11. Explain how physical stress (running, jumping, etc.) regulates bone growth and remodeling – including what happens to bone when in space flight Reduced for 2016-2017 -- all you need to know is that if you don't exercise with the force of gravity you will not build strong bones. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NMZDhJiKw3k
12. Describe the different types of fractures. (Possible bonus – describe the steps of fracture repair -only if I get to this on Friday).
13. Describe the role of estrogen on bone cells and the higher incidence of osteoporosis in women. Describe osteoporosis in terms of symptoms, two major causes, and prevention.
14. Know the connection & relationships between Vitamin D, calcium, and rickets.
15. Describe the different classifications of joints based on movement and type of tissue (fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial)
16. Describe the basics of different types of joint disorders discussed in class – osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, dislocations, sprains, and bursitis.
17. Describe the anatomy of a synovial joint including the locations and functions of capsule, synovial membrane, synovial fluid, bursa, fat pads, articular cartilage, and menisci.
18. Describe the different types of synovial joints, and the common sites you would find each. (JOINT MOVEMENTS WILL BE TESTED W/ MUSCULAR SYSTEM)