Unit 1 Intro to Biology & Classification

This is an introductory unit to Microbiology, Taxonomy, Cells/Organelles and Microscopes!

QUIZLET 1 Essential organelles: https://quizlet.com/_7cbrgw

Quizlet 2 - Additional Organelles: https://quizlet.com/_7cbvm5

Quizlet 3- Classification https://quizlet.com/_7cby57

Quizlet 4- Additional Midterm Review https://quizlet.com/_7dpdyr

New practice quizzes:

• This one has great questions but I'm having trouble getting it scored online: https://www.biologyjunction.com/category/my-classroom-material/curriculum-map/2nd-semester/taxonomy/

In this unit we will review what it means to be living. We will discuss how living organisms accomplish similar tasks in order to stay alive. Then we will look at how scientists organize living organisms into groups so that they can be studied more easily. You will learn about the first classification systems and how those systems have been modified over time to incorporate new scientific evidence. The most important group in this classification system is the group we call species. We will discuss how scientists decided where to draw the line or box around the organisms we call species. We will understand the value of a species and why as a country we might spend a great deal of money to protect a single Endangered species.

Next we will look at the largest category or group in our classification system and see how the cells and/or organisms in these groups differ from one another. We will learn some of the general characteristics of each of the 6 Kingdoms of life and we will compare their cell structures.

Lastly, we will look at the differences between two of the least understood groups of organisms - bacteria and viruses (debatable if it is truly a life form). We will look at medical technologies that have helped us fight these organisms over time.

Learning Objectives for this unit:

• 1. Describe the characteristics of a virus, describe their anatomy and name a few examples.

  2. Explain why knowledge of the structures of bacteria and viruses are important in how we treat them when they cause disease in humans

  3. Describe the differences between bacteria and viruses and show how advances in medical technologies are used to fight (and sometimes eradicate) these organisms. More specifically:

     1. • State the main role of a vaccine and give some examples https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rb7TVW77ZCs

        • State how penicillin works on bacteria (but not on viruses)

        • Name the first and only disease ever "eradicated" from the human poplulation using vaccines

        • Explain how herd immunity protects unvaccinated people today and state why our "herd" is thinning

        • Give 3-4 biological reasons why someone shouldn't be vaccinated (so not because of personal choice, religion or philosopy.)

        • Describe benefits of bacteria and define a probiotic (and state when it might be most useful).

        • Explain drug-resistance in bacteria and what human actions are contributing to it.

  4. Name each taxononic group in the classification hierarchy and describe the degree of relatedness shared by the organisms in that level. (Make up a memory tool: DKPCOFGS)

  5. Describe the two parts of a scientific name and recognize how it should be written using humans' scientific name as an example.

  6. Explain the biological definition of a species and give examples of when that line is blurred. (Also know what a biological hybrid is and give some examples.)

  7. Define the vocabulary for characteristics that are used to group organisms into the 6 different kingdoms including: prokaryote, eukaryote, autotroph, heterotroph, unicellular, multicellular, cell wall.

  8. Name and describe the characteristics of each of the 6 kingdoms using the vocabulary from above and give at least 3 common examples from each Kingdom (except Archaea - just know these are the extreme bacteria). Know these ones for sure: yeast, algae, seaweed, atlhete's foot, mushrooms, amoeba, staph., strep., E.coli, etc.

  9. Describe the organelles found in different types of cells (animals, plants, bacteria) and state their functions. Be sure you know what structures are only found in plant cells. Also, know which structures are unique to eukaryotes.

  10. Identify the major organelles in picture of plant, animal or bacterial cells. The most importnat ones are: nucleus, cell membrane, cell wall, chloroplasts, cytoplasm, ribosomes, mitochondria and chloroplasts.

  11. Describe ENDOSYMBIOSIS or ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY in terms of how complex cells (eukaryotes) evolved from simple cells (prokaryotes) and give some evidence for this including DNA, division and membranes.

  12. Be able to identify the following organelles in microscope pictures from the lab: cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, chloroplasts and cytoplasm.

  13. Identify the following in an experiment: independent (manipulated) variable, dependent (responding) variable, the experimental control (or control group), controlled variables (sometimes called constants).

VOCABULARY WORDS TO KNOW BY THE END OF THE UNIT:

(These are the words for your foldable!) Use this website to get started: https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/prokaryote