Bullying in Early Education

What does bullying in early education look like?

Bullying in early education classrooms often presents differently than in older age groups, making it crucial for educators to recognize the various ways bullying can manifest (Slaby, R.  & Storey, K., 2013).  The three defining characteristics of bullying—deliberate actions, repetition, and a power imbalance—serve as key indicators to identify such behavior.   At a younger age, bullying may include physical aggression like hitting, pushing, or biting, social exclusion, or the use of hurtful language like teasing and name-calling, among other behaviors (Julia, 2023).  Our students come from diverse backgrounds and varying levels of social exposure, so it's important to recognize that they may be reflecting behaviors they've encountered and may not be aware that their actions are harmful to others. However, by being knowledgeable, recognizing and intervening early in these behaviors, educators can prevent the escalation of bullying and create a safer, more supportive environment for all children.  

Effective Approaches for Early Intervention

As educators, we have a critical responsibility to recognize, understand, and address bullying when it occurs. Early intervention is key to preventing bullying, and there are several effective strategies we can implement. In early education, a key component in prevention is providing a clear and thorough explanation of what bullying is, along with setting expectations and guidelines for behavior in the classroom (Slaby & Storey, 2013). Establishing a well-defined set of rules is vital, and these rules should be consistently reinforced, whether on a weekly or daily basis.

Among the most effective bullying interventions are teaching essential social skills such as forming friendships, cultivating empathy, and offering one-on-one anger management support (Dorlean, R., 2013). Slaby and Storey highlight the "Stop, Coach, and Engage" method, which capitalizes on teachable moments to guide and modify children's behavior during bullying situations (2013). The "Stop" phase involves the teacher intervening by asking the bully to stop while disciplining in private, the "Coach" phase empowers the victim by providing guidance on assertively standing up for themselves, and the "Engage" phase encourages bystanders to offer support and intervene as needed (Slaby, R. & Storey, K., 2013).  An additional and proven strategy for reducing bullying is parental involvement. Educating children and setting the example of a “bully-free” home significantly reduces the likelihood of aggressive or bullying behavior (Voight & Nation, 2016).