1. Describe the boundaries, contents, muscles, fascia, vasculature, and innervation of the pharynx, and the boundaries of the retropharyngeal space.

2. What are the major targets and functions of the glossopharyngeal n. (CN IX) and vagus n. (CN X) in the neck?

3. Describe the neurovasculature (arteries and nerves) that serve the larynx.

4. Describe the laryngeal cartilages, membranes, & muscles. Describe how the intrinsic muscles of the larynx affect either the positions of the vocal ligaments, or vocal pitch.

5. How is the sympathetic nervous system structured? What are the four basic pathways of pre-ganglionic sympathetic neurons? What are the major sources of sympathetics to the head & neck?

6. What is Horner’s syndrome, and what are its symptoms?

Background Videos

Autonomic Nervous System Introduction (4:32)

Sympathetic Nervous System Part 1 (2:40)

Sympathetic Nervous System Part 2 (7:45)

Background videos may provide students with relevant background and context for information discussed in learning objectives. Video content is not assessed on exams.