Mass and hourglass energy 相關資料

Hourglass:

http://www.dynasupport.com/howtos/element/hourglass

http://ftp.lstc.com/anonymous/outgoing/jday/hourglass.pdf

https://caeai.com/blog/why-worry-about-hourglassing-explicit-dynamics-part-i

Schwer, L.E., Key, S.W., Pucik, T.A., and Bindeman, L.P., "An Assessment of the LS-DYNA Hourglass Formulations via the 3D Patch Test," 5th European LS-DYNA User's Conference,Birmingham, United Kingdom, May, 2005. (通過3D貼片測試評估LS-DYNA hourglass方法)

Stelzmann, U., "Die Grosse Elementbibliothek in LS-DYNA - Wann nimmt man was?", 28th CADFEM Users' Meeting, Aachen, Germany, November, 2010. (LS-DYNA的大元素庫 - 什麼時候拿什麼)

Erhart, T., "Review of Solid Element Formulations in LS-DYNA: Properties, Limits, Advantages, Disadvantages", 2011 Developer Forum, Stuttgart-Filderstadt, Germany, October, 2011. (LS-DYNA中實體元素方法的回顧:屬性，限制，優點和缺點)

Haufe, A., Schweizerhof, K., and Du Bois, P., "Properties & Limits: Review of Shell Element Formulations", 2013 Developer Forum, Stuttgart-Filderstadt, Germany, September, 2013.(屬性及限制:殼元素方法的回顧)

Kober, M., Kuhhorn, A., Kastner, B., and Keskin, A., "Evaluation of the Stress and Displacement Behavior of Different LS-DYNA Element Types in Combination with Different Anti-Hourglassing Formulations and Initial Element Deformations", 13th German LS-DYNA Forum,Bamberg, Germany, October, 2014. (不同LS-DYNA元素類型與不同hourglass方法和初始元素變形的應力和位移行為評估)

Jensen, M.R., "Introduction to LS-DYNA - Level II (Chapter 7 - Hourglass)", Livermore

Software Technology Corporation, Livermore, (undated publication). (LS-DYNA簡介 - Level II（第7章 - 沙漏))

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