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Below are the key elements of the NCAA clock rules. With the recent rule changes (2023), the clock functionality will very closely mirror what the NFL clock rules are currently (outside of the final 2 minutes).
This is your guide to the relevant clock rules/functions that you will need to know as a Clock Scout. Some clock functions are universal, but many key elements depend on how much time is left in the half/game, specifically when it gets to under 2:00 in the 2nd and 4th quarters. Study this page.
Additionally, keep in mind the following:
The white hat (head referee) is the only official controlling the clock. They will let you know the status of the clock
Officials and clock operators make mistakes. Whether it is right or wrong (and 99% of the time it will be right), the white hat has the final say in what the status of the clock will be. Do what they say and pay attention
If there is a defensive foul on the last play of the 1st and 3rd quarters, the next play will occur at the beginning of the following quarter. "Untimed downs" can only occur on the last play of the half or game
Universal Clock Rules
Universal Clock Rules
The clock will RUN after a ball carrier/receiver/passer is tackled in bounds short of the 1st down
The clock will FULL STOP after an incomplete pass
The clock will FULL STOP after a change of possession (turnover, punt, kickoff, etc.)
The clock will FULL STOP after a scoring play
The clock will FULL STOP when a timeout is called
The clock will FULL STOP when the game reaches 2:00 to go in the 2nd and 4th quarters (2-minute timeout). This official stoppage can occur slightly under 2:00 as well, depending on the prior play
The clock will STOP when the play goes under review. The official will restart the clock at the ready-for-play if the clock was supposed to be running. This should always be announced
The clock will STOP when there is an injured player on the field. The official will restart the clock at the ready for play if the clock is supposed to be running. This should always be announced
The clock will FULL STOP and reset to 15:00 at the end of each quarter (excluding the 4th quarter)
When the game is NOT under the 2:00 timeout
When the game is NOT under the 2:00 timeout
The clock will RUN after a 1st down is achieved AND the runner is tackled in bounds
The clock will STOP TEMPORARILY after a runner goes out of bounds (1st down or otherwise). The clock will restart once the ball is spotted and the official signals with a whistle and windmill action with his arm (old NCAA 1st down rule)
When the game IS under the 2:00 timeout
When the game IS under the 2:00 timeout
The clock will STOP TEMPORARILY if a 1st down is achieved and the runner is tackled in bounds. The clock will restart once the ball is spotted and the official signals with a whistle and windmill action with his arm (old NCAA 1st down rule)
The clock will FULL STOP if the ball carrier goes out of bounds. It will not start again until the ball is snapped for the next play
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