Circle of Security Parenting (COSP) is an attachment-based program for parents and caregivers of young children, typically from birth to age 6. Usually delivered over eight weekly sessions of at least 90 minutes, it uses video examples and guided reflection with a trained facilitator to help caregivers understand children’s emotional needs. The program focuses on strengthening secure attachment, supporting children’s exploration and emotional regulation, and helping caregivers respond sensitively during challenging moments.
Circle of Security Diagram
Parent Management Training (PMT) is an evidence-based behavioral intervention for parents/caregivers of children who experience challenging behaviors, including defiance, aggression, and difficulty following directions. In the Kazdin model, caregivers work with a trained clinician through structured sessions and practice at home, with treatment length tailored to family needs. The intervention teaches positive reinforcement, clear instructions, and consistent responses to behavior to build children’s skills, reduce disruptive behaviors, and improve everyday parent–child interactions.
Incredible Years (IY) offers evidence-based parenting programs with separate curricula for caregivers of babies (0–12 months), toddlers (1–3 years), preschoolers (3–6 years), and school-age children (6–12 years). Delivered by trained facilitators, typically in weekly caregiver groups, the programs use video examples, discussion, role-play, and home practice, with duration varying by curriculum and family needs. They strengthen parent–child relationships and positive parenting skills to support children’s social and emotional development and prevent or reduce disruptive behaviors.
Triple P is an evidence-based system of parenting support for parents and caregivers of children from birth to age 12, with Teen Triple P generally serving ages 12–16. Support ranges from brief seminars and consultations to structured group, individual, or online programs, with duration varying by the level of support and family needs. It builds caregivers’ confidence and practical skills to strengthen relationships, encourage positive behavior, respond consistently to challenging behaviors, and support children’s emotional development.
Coping Power is an evidence-based cognitive-behavioral program for children ages 8–14 with aggressive or disruptive behaviors and their parents or caregivers, particularly during the transition from elementary to middle school. Delivered through separate but coordinated child and caregiver groups, the original program includes 34 child sessions and 16 caregiver sessions over approximately 15–18 months, with a shorter school-year version available. Children learn anger management, social problem-solving, and ways to resist peer pressure, while caregivers build skills in positive reinforcement, consistent limits, stress management, and family communication.
Defiant Teens is a structured behavioral family intervention for adolescents ages 13-18 and their parents or caregivers experiencing persistent defiance and parent–teen conflict. Guided by a trained clinician, its 18-step program combines caregiver training in positive attention, clear expectations, and consistent consequences with joint sessions on communication, negotiation, and problem-solving. It aims to reduce conflict, improve cooperation, and strengthen family relationships while supporting adolescents’ growing autonomy.