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01. [ ENGLISH ] The Kleobis and Biton - The BEST COLLECTION of PODCASTS and YOUTUBE VIDEOS for.
01. [ ENGLISH ] The Kleobis and Biton - The BEST COLLECTION of PODCASTS and YOUTUBE VIDEOS for.
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Cleobis and Biton by Charles Bryant
brychar66
Published on Jul 23, 2009
Being a poet and not an academic, I won't discourse on the meaning of the myth of Cleobis & Biton. I have really said all I have to say in the poem itself. The story of Solon and King Croesus comes from The Histories of Herodotus. There are a number of articles on the Web for those who are interested in delving further.
CLEOBIS AND BITON
Greek myths weave and interweave
like Celtic scrollwork;
written on the bodies of once living men
and in the memory of generations.
From the Argive treasury at Delphi
two and a half millennia ago
this precious load of ancient stony cargo:
brothers, lovers, friends, in the old Greek way;
this seeming pair of Martians, spooky, stiff;
their bodies so earthbound, heavy,
they appear to be dragging mother's chariot still.
Cleobis is 'famous'; Biton a 'wild ox'
(Robert Graves has told us so.)
Their mother is All Mankind; and they are Striving.
They take the place of oxen, pull the wagon,
rough tough sons of Cydippe priestess of Hera
who, were she not to reach the goddess' shrine on time
would certainly have been slain.
(Gods and goddesses were cruel then, men no better.)
The oxen had wandered off, could not be found.
Cleobis and Biton took the yoke,
placed it on their shoulders, drew the cart.
The sculptures are straightforward to a fault:
bug-eyed thick-thighed archaic Greeks with Afro hair
(nothing in the world is ever new)
watched by a sleepy sphinx.
Cleobis and Biton, harnessed to mother's chariot,
drew her, serenely-sourly smiling, to the shrine;
then lapsed into unconsciousness and died -
so the guide book tells us, telling nothing.
We wonder: is there a moral to this tale?
Is it remembrance of some ancient rite
involving human sacrifice?
(Only the strongest loveliest and best
is fit to die for the deity -
with virgins, male and female, tastiest of all!)
Look at the old Greek text and you will read
how Hera whispered in Cydippe's ear
and with such evil foresight
unforgiving, accepting, relishing all:
"Your boys are good, the best of men,
ask for them whatever you desire."
And Cydippe: "Grant them, Lady,
of all earth's luscious fruit the finest."
So Hera, while they slept after their labour,
took away their breath and let them die.
Loved by the gods, only the pure die young.
The archon Solon tells us this good news;
and I sometimes wonder if he wasn't joking,
law-giver, poet, merchant - and a wag!
Or was he so utterly solemn he couldn't see
the risible nature of his story's climax?
So there they stand,
the brothers, side by side,
with weird Egyptian faces and big balls;
penisless, castrated in course of time
whether with intent or by bad luck.
Muscle-Marys of the ancient world
with protruding enormous buttocks;
like their pornographic counterparts today,
blanks on which we write our own reflections.
duration 04:59 minutes
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Astrid Ibsen Bruun
Published on Feb 24, 2014
duration 02:29 minutes
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Gunilla
Published on Jan 21, 2015
En beskrivelse af skulpturen af Kleobis og Biton
duration 01:33 minutes
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yl8QdUXrppA
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Archaic Greek Art: Kleobis and Biton
Archaic Greek Art: Kleobis and Biton
Kleobis and Biton is the name of two figures in Greek legend. It is also the name conventionally given to a pair of lifesize Archaic Greek statues, or kouroi, which are now in the Archaeological Museum at Delphi, Greece. The statues date from about 580 BC and come from Argos in the Peloponnese, although they were found at Delphi.
Kleobis and Biton with Cydippe, Cydippe with a torch in front of the Hera Temple in Argos, the brothers dead on the ground, A Goddess takes the brothers which in the future are united again with their mother.
In Greek mythology, Biton and Kleobis were Argives, the sons of Cydippe, a priestess of Hera. Cydippe was travelling from Argos to a festival in honor of Argive Hera. The oxen which were to pull her cart were overdue and her sons, Kleobis and Biton, pulled the cart the entire way (45 stadia, or 8.3 km/5.1 miles). Cydippe was impressed with their devotion to her and her goddess and she prayed to Hera, asking her to give her children the best gift a god could to a mortal. Hera ordained that the brothers would die in their sleep, and after the feast the youths lay down in the temple of Hera, slept and never woke. Herodotus, who relates the story, says that the citizens of Argos donated a pair of statues to the sanctuary of Apollo at Delphi.
Kleobis and Biton from Argos, wrestlers. Herodotus writes a story about these brothers and their mother Cydippe:
When Solon had provoked him by saying that the affairs of Tellos were so olbios, Croesus asked who he thought was next, fully expecting to win second prize. Solon answered, "Kleobis and Biton." They were Argive in genos, they had enough to live on, and on top of this they had great bodily strength. Both were prize-winning athletes [athlophoroi], and this story is told about them: There was a festival of Hera in Argos, and their mother absolutely had to be conveyed to the sacred precinct by a team of oxen. But their oxen had not come back from the fields in time [hôra], so the youths took the yoke upon their own shoulders under constraint of time. They drew the wagon, with their mother riding atop it, traveling 45 stadia until they arrived at the sacred precinct. When they had done this and had been seen by the entire gathering, their lives came to the best fulfillment [ariston telos], and in their case the god made clear that for human beings it is better to be dead than to live. The Argive men stood around the youths and congratulated them on their strength; the Argive women congratulated their mother for having such children. She was overjoyed at the feat and at the praise, so she stood before the image and prayed that the goddess might grant the best thing for humanity to her children Kleobis and Biton, who had given great timê to the goddess. After this prayer they sacrificed and feasted. The youths then lay down in the sacred precinct and went to sleep, and they never got up again; they remained in the pose that they had assumed in reaching their telos. The Argives made and dedicated at Delphi statues of them, since they were aristoi.
In Book 1 of Herodotus' Histories, Solon tells the story of Cleobis and Biton to King Croesus as an example of a happy life lived, reckoning them second in happiness only to Tellus the Athenian, much to Croesus' annoyance. Herodotus records that "the Argives had statues of them made and set them up at Delphi, because they had been such excellent men". The modern Delphi Museum displays two identical Archaic kouroi under the names of Cleobis and Biton, although there is no evidence directly connecting these statues with the ones mentioned by Herodotus.
Inscriptions on the base of the statues identify them as Kleobis and Biton, and also identify Polymedes of Argos as the sculptor: something which was very unusual at such an early date. The statues are in what is regarded as a typical Peloponnesian style: massive and muscular. But they are not intended to be lifelike representations of Kleobis and Biton, even assuming the brothers were historical rather than mythical figures. The statues are ideal representations of the virtues of masculine strength and piety.
Altar Kleobis Biton Terme
Altar Kleobis Biton Terme
Terme di Diocleziano (Museo Nazionale Romano), Rome, Italy
Artist/Maker Unknown
Altar with the myth of Kleobis and Biton. White marble, Roman artwork of the Imperial era. Found in Via della Giustiniana in Tor Vergata in Popolo.
Italiano: Altare con il mito di Kleobis e Biton. Marmo bianco, opera romana di età imperiale. Dalla via della Giustiniana nel località Tor Vergata in Popolo.
Location Cloister
Photographer/source Jastrow (2006)
Discovery of Biton
Discovery of Biton
Discovery of Biton
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Kleobis and Biton
Kleobis and Biton
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kleobis (Cleobis) and Biton (Ancient Greek: Κλέοβις, gen.: Κλεόβιδος; Βίτων, gen.: Βίτωνος) are the names of two Archaic Greek Kouros brothers whose stories date back to about 580 BC who came from Argos. Two statues, discovered in Delphi, represent them.
The story can first be seen in Herodotus Histories (1.31), where Solon tells King of Lydia, Croesus who the happiest person in the world is.[1][2]
Contents [hide]
The legend begins with the story of Solon, upon his meeting with Croesus. Solon was an Athenian statesman, lawmaker, and poet and Croesus was the King of Lydiawho reigned for 14 years. Croesus, concerned about his legacy over the kingdom, takes the time to ask Solon who he found to be the happiest person in the world. Upon his reply, Solon names three separate people. The first being Tellus, the second and third being the brothers known as Kleobis and Biton. When hearing about this news, Croesus was confused as to why he was not considered to be one of the happiest of men. In response, Solon shares first the tale of Tellus and then the tale of Kleobis and Biton.[3]
In the story, Solon tells of how these Argive brothers took their mother named Cydippe, a priestess at the temple of Hera, to a festival for the goddess to be held in town. When their mother's oxen could not be found, the brothers yoked themselves to their mother's cart and drove her the six miles to the temple.[2] Having arrived at the festival, the mother prayed for Hera to bestow a gift upon her sons for their strength and devotion, which Hera listened and rewarded the sons. When the prayers and the sacrifice were over, Kleobis and Biton fell asleep in the temple and never woke up, which was the gift Hera bestowed on the boys, which was allowing for them to die in their sleep.[2] To honor the two brothers, the people of Delphi dedicated statues of them to the temple of Apollo, allowing for these statues to be seen as funeral memorials.[3]
Upon hearing this story, Solon's advice to Croesus were “the uncertainties of life mean that no one can be completely happy.” Either one can experience the joys of having continuous prosperity, much like Tellus, or one can experience a life of death, which can be granted as a reward like it was to Kleobis and Biton. The lesson of the legend is to showcase that those who live a moderately happy life are shown to have a glamorous death.[3]
The meaning of this legend showcases the Greek's culture in valuing a "beautiful death," since the afterlife in Greek society was seen to be far more superior than one of the living world, which can seem odd to western ears. However, if one was to die from wounds inflicted in battle, than that person would forever have that scar or wound as they traveled to the underworld. Croesus, expecting for the happiest of a human to rely on wealth, does not just die but lapses into a holy sleep (hieros hypnos).[4] The story of these two brothers can be depicted in the statues that were found in Delphi and where they are currently held at the Delphi Museum.
Herodotus records that "the Argives had statues of them made and set them up at Delphi, because they had been such excellent men". These two statues are known to be similar to other funerary monuments of the Archaic time, which were set up by the parents of the fallen warriors.[5] The modern Delphi Museum displays two identical Archaic kouroi under the names of Cleobis and Biton, although other archaeologists who have studied the statues, see in them the twin sons of Zeus, theDioscouri, worship of whom was quite widespread in the Peloponnese.
Inscriptions on the base of the statues identify them as ϜΑΝΑΚΩΝ (wanakōn), i.e. the "princes", an attribute usually given toCastor and Pollux in Argos, a fact which supported the identification with the Dioscuri. The inscription also identifiesPolymedes of Argos as the sculptor: something which was very unusual at such an early date. The statues are in what is regarded as a typical Peloponnesian style: massive and muscular. Their left foot is stepping forward, whereas their hands are bent at the elbows, touching the thighs, hands closed in fists. The hair are curly over the forefront and hang on the shoulders. Their eyes are large and almond-shaped, crowned by high eyebrows. Their faces bear the typical Archaic smile. They wore high-soled sandals. Each figure stood on a different stepping stone but they were both standing on the same pedestal. The date suggested for their creation is ca. 580 BC. They are considered a typical specimen of the Archaic sculpture of the Peloponnese
The twin statues by Polymedes of Argos, conventionally known as "Kleobis and Biton".
These statues share a connection with the fundamentals of what a Kouros statue is, meaning that they are free-standing figures that depict the male youth that are depicted in symmetry and pattern.
The earliest depiction of Kouros statues can be found in Egyptian culture, where the style of the sculpture shows stability, by being depicted by a single viewpoint in the front. Here, the two sculptures can be seen with a foot movement, to imply movement, with idealized features, from the oval eyes to the fist clenched on each side of their torsos. However, these two statues do seem to suggest that the Greeks are moving away from the strict lines of the Egyptians and are beginning to move towards the ideal of depicting more realistic figures.
In Greece, Kouros "signifies youth and manhood, sometimes warrior status...it is related to the word koros, that signifies seedling or shoot of a plant."
Standing side by side, these marble statues stand on separate blocks that are supported by the same base that bears some part of an inscription on the bottom. The two statues can both be seen with one leg stepping forward, arms locked to their sides, and depicted as naked youth. Despite for the marked boots, which could be a sign of the god Apollo or the fact that they were travelers, these life-size young men are seen to be stocky in built with broad shoulders and a broad face.[6] Their hair can be seen as a single row of large disk-like curls that line the forehead of the statues, with the rest of the hair combed then subdivided into bead-like elements that springs out from the base of the neck, with each tendril being finished off with a tie.[6]
Depiction of warriors as being nude may seem unrealistic to sculptures, but the idea of having one allows for interest in the viewers eye when it comes to seeing pieces that are in the nude. In the case of Kleobis and Biton, the depiction of heroic nudity can be seen in the "essentially unrealistic, in so far as warriors are without clothes or body armor; yet there is still vivid interest in the postures of life deserting the heroic body."[5] In the case of the two statues, the town of Argives was not known for depicting images of Kouros images, but they two brothers who died this beautiful death were built by the enthusiastic people Argives as a message to other city-states as being an Argive citizen.[5] Though it is still not confirmed whether or not these boys were the actual candidates for the statues, the legend does seem to fit in hand with the time of Herodotus' tale.
Athletic Depiction[edit]
Back to the legend by Solon for Kleobis and Biton, the greatest test of strength for the two young men came when they were challenged with having to take their mother to town as her oxen. The extent of their muscular depiction is emphasized to characterize them as to represent the brute strength of the Argive style, found in the High Archaic period.[6]
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GREECE - ancient art wasn't black&white
amarildo topalis
Uploaded on Dec 9, 2009
Its a video about ancient art, every statue had colors.
by Amarildo Topalis
duration 07:30 minutes
murrheather13
Published on Nov 25, 2012
Second attempt to get my video to work for my art history professor.
duration 04:12 minutes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fIPjFYukyhM
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for more information, please visit the "The polychromy of Greek and Roman sculpture and architecture" web page
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The polychromy of Greek and Roman sculpture and architecture
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