Mt.16:19 1st Person

Catholics rely on Matthew 16:19 to prove Jesus gave Peter alone the keys to the kingdom of heaven.

If you study it closely you will notice the Vaticanus Text differs from the Textus Receptus, or the sixteen text differs from the Aldine text.

This difference can be seen in comparing the King James with the ABP Polygot.

KJV

Mat 16:19  AndG2532 I will giveG1325 unto theeG4671 theG3588 keysG2807 of theG3588 kingdomG932 of heaven:G3772 andG2532 whatsoeverG3739 G1437 thou shalt bindG1210 onG1909 earthG1093 shallG2071 be boundG1210 inG1722 heaven:G3772 andG2532 whatsoeverG3739 G1437 thou shalt looseG3089 onG1909 earthG1093 shall beG2071 loosedG3089 inG1722 heaven.G3772

ABP

Mat 16:19  AndG2532 I will giveG1325 to youG1473 theG3588 keysG2807 of theG3588 kingdomG932 of theG3588 heavens;G3772 andG2532 whateverG3739 G1437 you should have boundG1210 uponG1909 theG3588 earth,G1093 it shall beG1510.8.3 have been boundG1210 inG1722 theG3588 heavens;G3772 andG2532 whatG3739 everG1437 you should have untiedG3089 uponG1909 theG3588 earth,G1093 it shallG1510.8.3 have been untiedG3089 inG1722 theG3588 heavens.G3772

In greek one uses 4671 (Dative 2nd person) and the other 1473 (1st Person).

G1473

ἐγώ

egō

eg-o'

A primary pronoun of the first person, “I” (only expressed when emphatic): - I, me. For the other cases and the plural see G1691, G1698, G1700, G2248, G2249, G2254, G2257, etc.

Total KJV occurrences: 368

The 1st person should read

I myself say, thou art Peter and upon this rock I shall build my church, and the gates of hades shall not prevail against it.

I will give "myself" the keys to the kingdom of heaven. It is not referencing Peter but Christ. This could be Jesus highlighting that he alone had the power to give the keys. Here is the usage in greek.

http://www.ntgreek.net/lesson16.htm

The greek text that the ABP uses does not give Peter the keys, it does not say "to you"but uses the 1st person. It is directed to the same word used in Matthew 18, a word meaning whomsoever, indicating a plurality.

G1437 is before "you" in Matthew 16:19 but after "you" in Matthew 18:18. But the verses are sayingthe exact same thing. You is supplied.

Mat 18:18  AmenG281 I sayG3004 to you,G1473 as much asG3745 you shouldG1437 tieG1210 uponG1909 theG3588 earth,G1093 it will beG1510.8.3 tiedG1210 inG1722 theG3588 heaven;G3772 andG2532 as much asG3745 you shouldG1437 untieG3089 uponG1909 theG3588 earth,G1093 it will beG1510.8.3 untiedG3089 inG1722 theG3588 heaven.G3772

This should also say, I say "myself", and it is directedto a plurality.

G1437

ἐάν

ean

eh-an'

From G1487 and G302; a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty: - before, but, except, (and) if, (if) so, (what-, whither-) soever, though, when (-soever), whether (or), to whom, [who-] so (-ever). See G3361.

Total KJV occurrences: 297

1437 is not used of an individual but shows uncertain diversity in the place and time it is applied, thus applying to all the Apostles.

Also since the antecedent is the Church in Matthew 16:18 and not Peter himself, The Church as a whole would hold the keys and not Peter. This is true of the antecedent in Matthew 18:18. It is the Church wherever it is assembled.