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Thorium is a chemical element with symbol Th and atomic number 90. A radioactive actinide metal, thorium is one of only two significantly radioactive elements that still occur naturally in large quantities as a primordial element (the other being uranium). Thorium metal is silvery and tarnishes black when exposed to air. Thorium is weakly radioactive. Thorium is estimated to be about three to four times more abundant than uranium in the Earth's crust, and is chiefly refined from monazite sands as a by-product of extracting rare earth metals.Thorium is a soft, paramagnetic, bright silvery radioactive actinide metal. Pure thorium is soft, very ductile, and can be cold-rolled, swaged, and drawn.Thorium (Th) is contained in the following rare earth mineral:Thorite
Thorogummite
Monazite (monazite sands)
Area of application: Thorium is still widely used as an alloying element in TIG welding electrodes (at a rate of 1%-2% mix with tungsten). It remains popular as a material in high-end optics and scientific instrumentation; thorium and uranium are the only significantly radioactive elements with major commercial applications that do not rely on their radioactivity. Thorium is predicted to be able to replace uranium as nuclear fuel in nuclear reactors, but only a few thorium reactors have yet been completed.The thorium can be used as an alternative fuel to uranium in light water reactors, the most common technology for nuclear power plants.References
https://en.wikipedia.org
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thorium
http://energyfromthorium.com/energy-independence-and-sustainability/
http://www.caradvice.com.au/132921/the-thorium-powered-car-eight-grams-one-million-miles/
http://energyfromthorium.com/about/
http://www.thoriumenergyalliance.com/ThoriumSite/resources.html
https://whchronicle.com/?p=2953
http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/energy/a11907/is-the-superfuel-thorium-riskier-than-we-thought-14821644/
http://energyfromthorium.com/2014/04/13/mythology-thorium-car-thorium-plasma-batteries/
http://www.bdlive.co.za/business/mining/2015/10/16/norways-thorium-foundation-gains-steenkampskraal
http://forexaw.com
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