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Bayan Obo (Baotou), Bayan Obo REE−Fe−Nb Ore Deposit
Carbonatite rare earth element deposit in Inner Mongolia, China
Deposit type:Carbonatite
REE minerals: bastnäsite, monazite, aeschynite, allanite, apatite, parisite, huanghoite, fergusonite, fersmite, xenotime, daqingshanite, cordylite, carbocernaite, chevkinite, britholite
Ore minerals: magnetite, hematite, fluorite, apatite, barite, niobium, rutile, columbite, martite, pyrochlore, pyrite, anatase
Gangue minerals: dolomite, quartz, calcite, feldspar, arfvedsonite, phlogopite, aegirine, riebeckite, biotite
Host rock types: dolomite, trachyte, fenite
Average grade:
Status: Current producer
Company:
Resource estimates:
750 Mt @ 4.1% REO
48 Mt @ 6% REO, 15000 Mt @ 35% Fe
800 Mt @ 6% REO (1990)
36 Mt REO
Baotou's giant mine in Bayan Obo, Inner Mongolia near Baotou City, produces the bulk of the world's rare earths and does so as a byproduct of iron ore minin
g.The fluorite content of the ores also makes it the world's largest fluorite deposit.It is observed that high percentages of three main light rare earth elements lanthanum, cerium and neodymium are found in Bayan Obo REE−Fe−Nb Ore Deposit. More than 90% rare earth elements in ore of existed in independent minerals, and about 4%~7% of REE dispersed in iron minerals and fluorite. Total 15 kinds of rare earth minerals are found but the principal ones are bastnaesite and monazite with the ratio of 7:3 or 6:4, whereas magnetite and hematite are the dominant Fe‐ore minerals. Meanwhile, several kinds of niobium minerals are contained in the ore such columbite, aeschynite etc.
The main gangue minerals are quartz, apatite, dolomite and fluorite etc.Host strata are quartzite, slate, limestone, and dolomite. Dolomite is the main host rock. The orebodies are stratiform and lenticular, with masses, bands, layers, veins, and disseminations.Very large Rare Earth elements (REE)-Fe-Nb deposit (Bayan-Obo type), discovered as an iron deposit. Reserves are estimated at more than 40 million tons of REE minerals grading at 3-5.4% REE (70% of world's known REE reserves), 1 million tons of Nb2O5 and 470 million tons of iron. The deposit also contains an estimated 130 million tons of fluorite.Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare-Earth (Group) Hi-Tech Co. References
https://en.wikipedia.org
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayan_Obo_Mining_District
http://www.mining.com/chinese-rare-earth-giant-born-62354/
http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=77723
https://www-ns.iaea.org/downloads/rw/projects/emras/emras-two/first-technical-meeting/fifth-working-group-meeting/working-group-presentations/workgroup2-presentations/presentation-5th-wg2-bayan-obo-and-baotou-china.pdf
http://www.eurare.eu/docs/eres2014/firstSession/XiaoshengYang.pdf
https://books.google.cl/books?id=fE7FBAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=ru#v=onepage&q&f=false
http://mrdata.usgs.gov/ree/show-ree.php?rec_id=9
http://sudaneseonline.com/board/410/msg/%D8%A3%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A-%D8%AA%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%B1-%D9%83%D9%84-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%8A%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%A7-1355503353.html
http://jootix.com/wallpaper/12515
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