Frothers

Heteropolar

Ionogenic

• Anionic: Primary, Secondary, Cyclic, Other anionic

• Cationic: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary, Cyclic, Other cationic

Non-ionogenic: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Cyclic, Other non-ionogenic

Colloidal

With uncertain chemical composition

Others

CLASSIFICATION OF FLOTATION FROTHERS Mark II

The author of classification is Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya, 2018

Heteropolar

Ionogenic

• Anionic: Alkyl aryl sulfonates (Detergent) and Phenols (Cresol, Xylenol). (Alkyl aryl sulfate and Carboxylic acids have a foaming effect. Alkyl aryl sulfate and Carboxylic acids are hydrophobizators)

• Cationic: Pyridines (Amines have a foaming effect. Amines are hydrophobizators)

Non-ionogenic

• Alcohols: Methyl isobutyl carbinol, Amyl alcohol, Pine oil, Terpene alcohols, Cyclohexanol, Aliphatic alcohols

• Esters and Ethers (glycol): Polyethylene glycols, Polypropylene glycol, Dialkyl phthalates, Вimethyl phthalate. (Daufros)

Colloidal: Saponin, Peptone, Gelatine, Albumin, Peptin, Casein

With uncertain chemical composition: Mixtures, chemical industry waste or other frothers

Others: (Soda and Lime have weak foaming effect (and other salts). Soda and Lime are modifiers)

Ph.D. Natalia Petrovskaya

benefication@protonmail.ch

Foaming or foam formers - predestined substances for stabilization of air bubbles and flotation foam.

Foaming function:

Decrease in surface tension of water.

Decrease in bubble coalescence (Coalescence is the phenomenon of the union of bubbles).

Formation of the finest bubbles.

Regulation of the speed at which the bubbles rise towards the surface of the pulp.

Stabilization of the foam.

CLASSIFICATION OF FLOTATION FROTHERS, 2007, 2014

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