Amenhotep III
Occupation: Pharaoh of Egypt
Born: 1388 BC
Died: 1353 BC
Reign: 1391 BC to 1353 BC
Best known for: Ruler of Egypt during the peak of the Ancient Egyptian civilization
Amenhotep III was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh who lived a long time ago during a period called the New Kingdom. He was a powerful and wealthy ruler, known for building amazing temples and palaces. One of his famous creations is the Temple of Luxor. Amenhotep III also had gigantic statues made of himself, called the Colossi of Memnon. He was a respected pharaoh who made Egypt prosperous and had friendly relations with other countries.
ca. 1390–1352 B.C., Colossal Seated Statue of Amenhotep III, Metropolitcan Museum of Art (MET), New York
Early Life
Amenhotep III was born into a royal family in ancient Egypt. His father was Pharaoh Thutmose IV, and his mother was Queen Mutemwiya. As a young prince, Amenhotep III received a royal education and was prepared to become the future pharaoh of Egypt. He learned about religion, government, and military strategy to prepare him for his future role as a leader. Even from a young age, he showed great potential and leadership skills. When his father passed away, Amenhotep III ascended to the throne and became the pharaoh of Egypt.
Rise to Power
Amenhotep III's rise to power as the pharaoh of Egypt came after the death of his father, Pharaoh Thutmose IV. As the rightful heir to the throne, Amenhotep III assumed his position as the ruler of Egypt. He inherited a stable and prosperous kingdom, thanks to the efforts of his predecessors. Amenhotep III focused on maintaining and expanding Egypt's power and influence through strategic alliances and diplomatic relationships. He solidified his authority by marrying into influential families and forming connections with neighboring kingdoms. Through his skilled diplomacy and effective rule, Amenhotep III further elevated Egypt's position as a dominant force in the ancient world.
A Strong Military
Amenhotep III believed that a strong military was crucial for Egypt's safety and prosperity. He worked tirelessly to train and equip his soldiers, ensuring they were well-prepared for any challenges that came their way. His soldiers fought with great courage, defending Egypt's borders with unwavering determination. They used advanced weapons and chariots, which made them a formidable force on the battlefield.
Not only did Amenhotep III focus on defense, but he also sought to expand Egypt's influence beyond its borders. He led expeditions into neighboring lands, engaging in diplomatic negotiations and forming alliances with other kingdoms. These endeavors brought valuable resources and trade opportunities to Egypt, enhancing its power and prosperity.
Despite his military prowess, Amenhotep III understood the importance of peace. He actively sought peaceful resolutions through diplomacy, fostering positive relationships with neighboring kingdoms. By engaging in negotiations and forging alliances, he aimed to maintain stability and harmony in the region.
Amenhotep III's military achievements greatly contributed to Egypt's golden age. His victories secured Egypt's borders, protected its people, and expanded its influence. Through his wise leadership and military prowess, he left a remarkable legacy that inspires awe and admiration to this day.
Magnificent Monumnets
Amenhotep III, a mighty pharaoh of ancient Egypt, not only achieved great military feats but also left a lasting legacy through the construction of magnificent monuments. He wanted to showcase the greatness of Egypt and his own power, so he embarked on ambitious building projects that amazed the world. Let's explore some of the incredible monuments he built.
Colossi of Memnon: These gigantic statues, each standing over 60 feet tall, were built near the city of Thebes. They depicted Amenhotep III sitting on a throne and served as guardians of his mortuary temple.
The Mortuary Temple of Amenhotep III: This temple was built on the west bank of the Nile, near the Valley of the Kings. It was dedicated to the pharaoh himself and served as a place for his worship and eternal remembrance.
Temple of Luxor: This grand temple complex was dedicated to the god Amun-Ra and was adorned with impressive statues, obelisks, and intricate carvings. It was a symbol of Amenhotep III's devotion to the gods and his desire to honor them.
Malkata Palace: Located on the west bank of the Nile River, this palace was the magnificent residence of Amenhotep III. It covered a vast area and boasted beautiful gardens, luxurious rooms, and exquisite decorations.
Temple of Soleb: Constructed in Nubia (present-day Sudan), this temple was built to honor the god Amun. It featured massive columns, ornate reliefs, and intricate hieroglyphic inscriptions.
Temple of Amun at Karnak: Amenhotep III expanded and enhanced this already impressive temple complex, adding massive pylons, statues, and obelisks. It became one of the largest religious sites in ancient Egypt.
These are just a few examples of the remarkable monuments Amenhotep III built during his reign. Through his architectural achievements, he left an indelible mark on Egypt's landscape and demonstrated his power and devotion to the gods. These awe-inspiring structures continue to captivate and inspire people around the world, serving as a testament to the greatness of ancient Egyptian civilization
Amenhotep III was an extraordinary pharaoh who ruled during a remarkable period in ancient Egypt. His powerful reign, remarkable monuments, peaceful time, thriving trade, devotion to the sun god, and influential family have made him a significant figure in Egyptian history. His legacy continues to inspire and fascinate people even today.
Information compiled in this site come from the following sources; British Museum, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Smithsonian Institute, Brooklyn Museum of Art, Acropolis Museum, Encyclopedia Britannica, Egypt Time Travel, Journey to Egypt, Getty Institute, Boston Museum of Fine Art
If you have edits you would like to suggest, please email Michael.Veley@ship.k12.pa.us