The staple foods of ancient Egypt were bread and beer. Bread was made from wheat and barley, which were ground into flour and then baked into loaves. It was a fundamental part of every meal and served as a source of energy. Beer was a popular beverage, made from fermented barley. It was consumed by people of all ages, as the fermentation process made it safer to drink than water.

Agriculture played a crucial role in ancient Egyptian society. Farmers utilized the fertile soil along the Nile River to grow a variety of crops. They used irrigation techniques to water their fields and relied on the annual flooding of the Nile for fertile silt deposition. Some of the main crops grown included wheat, barley, flax, vegetables like onions and lettuce, and fruits like dates and figs.

Meat, although not as commonly consumed as bread and vegetables, was still a part of the ancient Egyptian diet. The wealthy enjoyed a wider variety of meats, including beef, pork, and mutton, while the common people mostly consumed fish and poultry. Hunting and fishing were important activities to supplement the food supply, especially in the form of wild game and fish from the Nile.

To enhance the taste of their food, the ancient Egyptians used a variety of spices and flavorings. Some popular ones included garlic, onions, cumin, coriander, and dill. They also used herbs like parsley and mint. Honey was a common sweetener, and it was used in various dishes and desserts.