The cost - HOW?
By using data from a cluster of similar purpose buildings (mixed use residential, office and retail) an elemental cost plan was formed using the gross internal floor area (GIFA). It is important to understand this is an early plan with a limited design specification so the cost may differ from the final estimates and of course tender bids.
The floors of the proposed building, including the basement, have a footprint of 440sqm, inclusive of the planned units and any access/egress points.
From the combined elemental analyses sourced from the BCIS database, a plan matching the proposed construction methods has been produced. Such methods include having:
Concrete piling for use in forming a basement and ensuring the integrity of the walls.
Steel frame structure.
Pitched timber roof.
Major demolition required prior to construction.
Elements are broken down into cost (£) per m2 then through that applied to the GIFA, also m2, of this proposed build in order to generate an estimate for that element of work.
The cost - what?
Perhaps the crux of this report is how much the development costs, and how much it is expected to return over its lifecycle. The former will be illustrated below.
The cost of this development, excluding landscaping which will likely be added as a provisional sum, sits at a total of £6,303,600. This figure is arrived at through consideration of all elements applied to the entire GIFA of the building at a rate of £2,060 a square metre.
Typically, a 3-5 storey building with residential apartments ranges from £1975-2500 per m2 to build. Shops and offices with a fit-out cost roughly £710-900 and £1650-2125 per m2 respectively (Spons 2020 pp.75-80). The elemental cost plan for the Westpack development puts the project as a whole at an acceptable £2,060 per square metre. On paper it would seem like a decent development to pursue however social location and geographical hindrances unsurprisingly play a large role in dampening a development’s success.
The cost - Problems?
While at first glance the project seems pretty solid and the figures reflect that, it is worth highlighting some possible issues that may prevent better or most cost efficient use of the space.
The finished development is expected to have:
Basement: Car parking
Ground Floor: Small supermarket (leased @ £210.62 per sqm)
Ground Floor: Estate agents
First Floor: Office Space (leased @ £230.88 per sqm)
Second Floor: Office Space (leased @ £230.88 per sqm)
Third Floor: 3 x 66m2 2-bed apartments (to lease @ 157.14 sqm)
Third Floor: 2 x 99m2 2-bed apartments (to lease @ 157.14 sqm)
Fourth Floor: 3 x 66m2 2-bed apartments (to lease @ 3178.6 sqm)
Fourth Floor: 2 x 99m2 2-bed apartments (to lease @ 3178.6 sqm)
Fifth Floor: Rooftop penthouse 420m2 (to sell @ £325,000)
With the selection of commercial and residential leasing, the development stands in good stead to make a reasonable return.
The owners of the property would seek to benefit from continuing to utilise the warehouse function by way of leasing the space and collecting a monthly rent until the relevant planning permissions and permits are in place. An example rate used for illustrative purposes in the cash flow analysis was £17 per square foot. This would be relatively minor considering the scale of the project.
Comparison between income & expenditure
As the chart above illustrates, the development makes very little return on investment during the construction process however there is scope for early take over of the commercial and office units to get rental money flowing in.
Yearly income post completion
From the end of the construction phase however, there is a fairly swift recovery of the project cost. With the predicted rental rates and optimistic uptake, the amount recovered seems significant just a few years after completion with the annual turnover potentially being around 26.4%
From the previous data, it is likely that the development will break even within 5 years after construction has completed, provided units are not left vacant. Commercial lettings offer some degree of security due to the long-term nature of such leases.