Chapter 34 Nutrition Reduce Disease

Lesson 34

You Can Plan a Healthful Diet that Reduces the Risk of Disease

• You can reduce the risk of Cancer, Cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypoglycemia, and osteoporosis

1. Avoid Obesity:
   1. Obesity is body weight is a weight that is 20% or more of desireable weight
   2. Being Obese increases the risk of many chronic conditions

1. Eat a variety of Foods
   1. Combination of nutrients
   2. Antioxidants: is a substance that protects cells from being damaged by oxidation. They prevent cell damage and repair damaged cells. Their actions prevent cells from becoming cancerous.
   3. Vitamins C, E, A, and the mineral Selenium

1. Eat Several servings of fruits and vegetables each day.
   1. Contain anti-oxidants
   2. Reduce risk of cancer

1. Eat several servings of fiber-rich foods
   1. Whole Grain Cereals
   2. Vegetables
   3. Fruits
   4. Fiber- is the part of food that cannot be digested
   5. These help daily bowel movements
   6. Regular bowel movements reduce the risk of Cancer in the colon and rectum
2. Limit Fat intake
   1. Gain weight
   2. Cancer Causing

• Cardiovascular Disease: is a disease of the heart and blood vessels
• Leading cause of death and disability
• Plaque-hardened deposits, may form on artery walls
• Embolism- is the blockage of an artery by a clump of material traveling in the bloodstream
• If the blockage is in the brain, the person has a stroke
• If the blockage is in the lung it is called a pulmonary embolism
• How to Limit Fat intake:

1. Limit intake of cooked meat, poultry and fish to two servings a day
2. Broil, Bake or steam food rather than fry it
3. Trim fat from meat and poultry before cooking
4. Limit intake of egg yolks
5. Limit intake of processed meats such as hot dogs and lunch meat
6. Substitute Turkey for red meat
7. Use non-fat or low fat dairy products
8. Use fruit
9. Limit foods high in fat ( Chips, Cake, Cookies)

• Diabetes: is a disease which the body produces little or no insulin
• Type I and Type II (Adult Onset)
• Insulin: is a hormone that regulates the blood sugar level
• Diabetes is first treated by diet and exercise
• Medications may be used
• Hypoglycemia: Condition in which the pancreas produces to much insulin, causing blood sugar to be low.
• Person will feel weak, dizzy, and confused.
• Osteoporosis: is a decrease in the density of bone
• Bones will fracture easily
• Females are ten times more likely to have this than males
• Calcium is needed by the body
• Found in milk, yogurt, cheese, and leafy green vegetables
• Food Alergies: is an abnormal response to food that is not caused by the immune system, a food is not tolerated well
• Lactase intolerant: is a condition in which lactase ( the enzyme that breaks down the milk sugar present in the small intestine cells) is missing
• Unable to digest lactose
• Causes discomfort ( Gas, Bloating and diarrhea)
• Most common allergy
• Celiac Disease: is a condition in which a person is intolerant to gluten
• Gluten is a part in wheat, rye, and other grains
• Restricted diet
• Food Additives: MSG flavor enhancer is most common, found in Asian foods
• Coloring Agents: Rash or digestive problems
• Peanut Allergy, Fish, Shellfish, Eggs
• Symptoms of Food Allergies:
  1. Vomiting
  2. Diarrhea
  3. Abdominal Cramps
  4. Hives
  5. Swelling
  6. Sneezing
  7. Asthma
  8. Difficulty Breathing
  9. Itching, Nausea