X-ray diffraction (XRD)
The XRD analysis is done with an X-ray source of Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5406 Å). It will analyze and identify the unknown crystalline compounds by Bragg’s law. Crystal atoms scatter incident X-rays, primarily through interaction with the atoms’ electrons. This phenomenon is known as elastic scattering; the electron is known as the scatterer. A regular array of scatterers produces a regular array of spherical waves.