"There is nowhere else, at least in the near future, that we can go. This is our home. On the scale of the universe, our planet is precious and rare." Brian Cox
Geography helps you make sense of the world you live in - how people, places, and environments are constantly interacting and shaping one another. It examines both natural processes and human activities, and the ways we respond to challenges to create a more sustainable future. Through real-world evidence - maps, photographs, fieldwork data, and satellite images - students learn to identify patterns, explain issues, and evaluate solutions that matter beyond the classroom.
Geography pairs well with Earth and Environmental Science, Business Studies, and Society and Culture, helping you make sense of how the world actually works. It opens up pathways into careers like urban planning, environmental management, sustainability, government policy, and disaster response - jobs that deal with real-world challenges. It also leads to university study in areas such as environmental science, geography, urban and regional planning, and environmental law, giving you options that are both practical and future-focused.
Preliminary Course (Year 11) – 120 indicative hours
Earth’s natural systems
People, patterns and processes
Human-environment interactions
Geographical Investigation
*Geographical skills are integrated across all topics
HSC Course (Year 12) – 120 indicative hours
Global sustainability
Rural and urban places
Ecosystems and global biodiversity
*Geographical skills are integrated across all topics
Valuable to have: Interest in global issues, sustainability, and spatial patterns
Skills developed:
Geographical inquiry and research skills
Data collection and fieldwork techniques
Interpretation of maps, graphs, and spatial data
Analysis of environmental and social issues
Problem-solving and decision-making for sustainable futures
Students need to be prepared to:
Use geographical tools such as maps, graphs, and fieldwork data
Conduct independent research and fieldwork investigations
Analyse contemporary global and local issues
Regularly revise and practise at home to develop knowledge and skills
Year 11:
3 assessment tasks, such as:
a Geographical Investigation
a stimulus based test
a formal written examination
Year 12:
4 assessment tasks, such as:
a task based on a fieldwork activity
a research task
a stimulus based test
a formal written examination (Trial HSC)
The HSC Examination includes:
Section I (15 marks)
Multiple choice questions
Questions may require students to refer to the stimulus booklet and to apply geographical skills and tools
Section II (45 marks)
There will be 4–6 short-answer questions
Questions may require students to refer to the stimulus booklet and to apply geographical skills and tools
Section III (20 marks)
One structured extended-response question in two or three parts
The question may require students to refer to the stimulus booklet and to apply geographical skills and tools
Section IV (20 marks)
There will be one unstructured extended-response question
The question may require students to refer to the stimulus booklet