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communication skills necessary for dealing with others
communication skills necessary for dealing with others
A good manager has a large toolbox to deal with every situation that arises. Active listening skills, negotiation skills, empathy, resolve conflict and the ability to delegate without being overbearing are just some of the skills required.
the consequences for groups that fail to function as a team, including:
the consequences for groups that fail to function as a team, including:
financial loss
financial loss
Planning is a key function in project management. Financial loss can be avoided when creating a budgeting plan in order to avoid exceeding the project’s amount of finance available.
employment loss
employment loss
The consequence of a loss in employees in a project can lead to a longer time needed to complete a task as there would be limited people to work. There can also be a loss in the quality of work as fewer people working can mean that there is less experience and knowledge overall as a team. The problem can be avoided by employing workers who are willing to stay whilst having the knowledge and experience to work effectively.
missed opportunities
missed opportunities
Group communication is key as it allows for the freedom of effective ideas and concerns to go roam around. Effective group communication results in opinions being shared freely without having to stress about being put down or belittled. If there is a lack of communication between a group, the chances of being presented with game-changing ideas are incredibly low. For example, if a group is working on building a remote control car and is stuck with wiring, this is a case where effective group communication is necessary so that different solutions can be discussed. If there is no communication, the solution to the problem will not be found efficiently. This leads to the consequence of missed opportunities. If a group does not regularly communicate and function as a team, there is a risk of bigger and better opportunities squandering. This could result in the completed project not reaching its potential.
Project management tools, including:
Project management tools, including:
Gantt charts
Gantt charts
Gantt Charts are used to visually layout deadlines and allocate time to different areas of a project so that it is completed in a timely matter. For example, in a group game development project, a Gantt Chart will be used to visually layout when the game should be released and how much time should be allocated to making levels and background or character design.
Scheduling of tasks
Scheduling of tasks
The scheduling of tasks is essential during the planning stage as it outlines the tasks that need to be completed within certain time frames so that the project is able to go through feedback and evaluation before being finished before the due date. Scheduling helps to determine the timeline, resources needed, and reality of the delivery of the project. Scheduling can be done through the use of Gantt Charts as well as Journals and Diaries.
Journals and Diaries
Journals and Diaries
Journals, process diaries and logbooks provide developers with a variety of formats for tracking the development of a system. Entries should include a date, a description of the progress made since the last entry and descriptions of stumbling blocks or issues encountered and how they were managed. Reflective comments may also be included.
Diaries are in chronological order and tend to be used to record factual information.
Journals are used to record detailed analysis and reflection on events
Used to keep a record of:
Daily progress
Appointments
Events
Meetings – when the meeting is and what happened in the meeting
Task details, allocations and deadlines
Funding Management plan
Funding Management plan
Like a Gantt Chart, a funding plan is a formative tool to assist project managers to develop a budget and stick to it. Later in this book, you will look at feasibility studies. Schedule feasibility is an important factor in any project development.
Communication Management plan
Communication Management plan
Communication management plans contain a list of people, their contact details, and their main responsibilities. Usually reserved for high-level people like project managers.
A communication management plan allows people in the project team to communicate effectively:
Specify communication medium (e.g. email, meetings, telephone, bulletins, etc.)
Specify the lines of communication (how each party is able to obtain answers from other team members or clients)
Methods for monitoring the progress of development (e.g. meetings)
How changing or emerging requirements should be communicated to all parties throughout system development.
Example:
identifying social and ethical issues
identifying social and ethical issues
All information systems involve people as direct or indirect users. Hence all projects have social and ethical implications.
Ethics are values. A project will be considered unethical if it:
Disadvantages others in some way
Was against society’s views/norms of what is right
Breaches the rights, freedom or justice due to others
Breaks the law.
A project should have some method of evaluation built in it at each stage that allows violations of ethical standards to be avoided or detected early in the project so that they can be eliminated.
Some of the ethical issues that need to be considered throughout any project design include:
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