Topic 4: The Dangers of Natural disaster
Flash Flood
Most flash floods occur in the low land or an area around the mountain where the water source is. Heavy rain is an important cause when trees can’t absorb any more water. Suddenly, the water will flow into the low land and ruins the houses there. This situation might be dangerous to life.
Flood
Flood occurs when a lot of water flows down from highlands and floods the low lands. This damages the residential area. If a flood occurs in the city it is usually caused by a bad drainage system or, coast areas, by flood tide from the sea.
Spate
Continuous rain is the cause of spate. The water flows into the river or there is a lot of water that can’t drain to the estuary. The water that floods the plantations and residential areas brings damage to community.
Tropical Cyclone
such as tropical depression, tropical storm and typhoon.
Summer Storm
Summer Storms occur during March and April. Most occur in the northern and the north-eastern part, few in the central and the eastern parts, and seldom occur in the southern parts of Thailand.
The threat of a tsunami wave.
6.1 A tsunami is a wave originating in the deep sea whichoften appears after a large earthquake under the sea. Land subsidence, landslide, volcanic eruption or a large meteorite falling intothe sea orocean are other causes for a tsunami. A tsunami that crashed into coastal areas is fast and furious. Enormousdamage to life and property in the devastatedarea along with many injured and even killed people are the results of the sudden greatdisaster.
6.2 Tsunami warning. Observed in Segura Camacho. The Japanese tsunami barrier measures the lowest point of the waves moving on shore. It will notice the sudden drop in sea level and that the sea border moves further away from the coast. If the coast is steep, it may shorten the distance of up to 800 meters. Those who do not know the dangers may still be waiting on the shore with great interest. If the cost is lower, flooding may occur even before the wave crashes onto shore. This flood water may retread before the next wave will move in. Thus, information about the tsunami is important to be aware of the danger, for example, after the water level drops for the first time it may be followed by another large wave. Therefore, where there is a tsunami risk, a tsunami warning system is needed to forecast and detect the occurrence of this wave.
6.3 Practices in preventing and mitigating the threat of a tsunami. People living in coastal areas should migrate to the Internet as soon as possible and wait for the announcement on the security situation. The guidelines are
1. Since we cannot feel the wave of the tsunami in the open ocean, but you are out at sea and hear a tsunami warning, you should know it can cause rapid changes in sea levels and currents can cause chaos and disorder. Ships in coastal areas should not sail back to shore.
2. If there is enough time, move the boat out to deeper water. Follow the rules of the controlled portor the orders of responsible officials.
3. When everything is quiet again, contact the port authority first to check the safety status before returning the ship to the port. The tsunami may alsocause other side effects.
Forest Fire
90 percent of forest fires are caused by negligence of humans. Attackers in the wild build a fire but do not extinguish it completely or discarded cigarette butts start the fire. Fire damages the forest and causes destruction of wildlife as well. Forest fires contribute toair pollution and wide area fires affect air traffic.
Fires
are usually caused by human carelessness. Resulting in an enormous loss of life and property. So be careful to prevent fires. In daily life practice safety in the use of gas for cooking, incense on an altar and the ironing board. Store chemicals and fuel in a safe place.
