Orbit and Cavernous Sinus - Learning Objectives

1. What are the bones forming the bony orbit? Identify the major foramina, fissures, and fossae associated with the orbit and what is transmitted through these structures.

2. Describe various components of the eyelid (palpebrae) and its associated structures.

3. What are the components of the lacrimal system? What is the route of lacrimal fluid?

4. What is the parasympathetic pathway serving the lacrimal gland?

5. What are the three parts of the eyeball? Describe the supporting apparatus of the eyeball and its various components.

6. What are the extra-ocular muscles of the eye and their attachments? What are the actions of these muscles? What nerves innervate these muscles?

7. What are the nerves that provide motor, sensory, and autonomic innervation to the orbit and its content?

8. Trace the branches of ophthalmic artery and veins. Identify the association of the neurovasculature of the orbit with the cavernous sinuses.

Recommended Readings

Moore et al. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 7th edition. pgs. 889-914; 869