Cell Respiration

Objectives

• 1. Understand the value of ATP in biological metabolic reactions.

  2. Describe two ways in which cells generate ATP and indicate which is a more efficient process.

  3. Know the location of glycolysis in a generalized eukaryotic cell.

  4. Draw the chemical reactions of Glycolysis and where it occurs.

  5. Understand the differences in the glycolytic reaction under anaerobic and aerobic conditions.

  6. Understand the three fates of pyruvate.

  7. Draw the chemical reactions of anearobic respiration and where they occur.

  8. Describe glycolysis in general terms, including the molecules that exist at its start and its end, as well as its net versus total ATP production.

  9. Understand the mechanisms that recycle postglycolytic NADH molecules under anaerobic and aerobic conditions.

  10. Draw the chemical reactions of the Krebs Cycle and where it occurs.

  11. Explain why the electron-carrier molecule produced in glycolysis and the two kinds of molecules produced in the Krebs cycle differ from one other in the number of ATP each generates.

  12. Draw the chemical/physical reactions of the Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis and where it occurs.

  13. Compare the overall energy efficiency of the complete aerobic degradation of one molecule of glucose with the efficiency of the glycolytic process alone.

  14. Understand how proteins and fats are metabolized to carbohydrates.

  15. Compare the number of ATPs produced in the degradation of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

  16. Describe alcoholic fermentation in terms of electron acceptors, ATP yield, and end products.

  17. Explain the process of anaerobic respiration as it occurs in human muscle.

  18. Describe the 6 major innovations that highlight the evolution of metabolism.