20 Biochemistry

Objectives

Section 1: Carbohydrates and Lipids

• 1. Describe the structure of carbohydrates.

  2. Relate the structure of carbohydrates to their role in biological systems.

  3. Identify the reactions that lead to the formation and breakdown of carbohydrate polymers.

  4. Describe a property that all lipids share.

Section 2: Proteins

• 1. Describe the general amino acid structure.

  2. Explain how amino acids form proteins through condensation reactions.

  3. Explain the significance of amino-acid side chains to the three-dimensional structure and function of a protein.

  4. Describe how enzymes work and how the structure and function of an enzyme is affected by changes in temperature and pH.

Section 3: Nucleic Acids

• 1. Relate the structure of nucleic acids to their function as carriers of genetic information.

  2. Describe how DNA uses the genetic code to control the synthesis of proteins.

  3. Describe important gene technologies and their significance.