11 Matter & Forces

Chapter 11: States of Matter and Intermolecular Forces

Labs

  1. Freezing Point Depression

Math Skills

    1. Calculating melting and boiling points (Problems A)

    2. Metric Units & Conversions

    3. Scientific Notation

    4. Significant Figures & Rounding

    5. Negative Exponents

Objectives

    1. Relate the properties of a state to the energy content and particle arrangement of that state (p. 378-380). (Lab 1)

  1. Explain forces and energy changes involved in changes of state (p. 381-384).

  2. Contrast ionic and molecular substances in terms of their physical characteristics and the types of forces that govern their behavior (p. 385-386).

    1. Describe dipole-dipole forces (p. 386).

  3. Explain how a hydrogen bond is different from other dipole-dipole forces and how it is responsible for water's high boiling point (p. 387-389).

    1. Describe London dispersion forces, and relate their strength to other types of attractions (p. 390-392)

    2. Define the molar enthalpy of fusion and the molar enthalpy of vaporization, and identify them for a substance by using a heating curve (p. 393-394).

    3. Describe how enthalpy and entropy of a substance relate to state (p. 395).

    4. Predict whether a state change will take place by using Gibbs energy (p. 395).

  1. Explain how pressure affects the entropy of a gas and affects changes between the liquid and vapor states (p. 398).

  2. Identify systems that have multiple phases, and determine whether they are at equilibrium (p. 399-400).

  3. Understand the role of vapor pressure in changes of state between a liquid and a gas (p. 400-401).

  4. Calculate melting and boiling points by using enthalpy and entropy (p. 396-397). (Homework 1)

  5. Interpret a phase diagram to identify melting points and boiling points (p. 402-404). (Homework 2) (Lab 2)