13 Solutions

Objectives

Concept Objectives

Section 1: What is a Solution?

1. Distinguish between solutions, suspensions, and colloids (p. 454-456).

2. Name and describe five techniques chemists use to separate mixtures (p. 457-458).

Section 2: Concentration & Molarity

1. Define molarity, and calculate the molarity of a solution (p. 462) (Homework 2)

2. Describe the procedure for preparing a solution of a certain molarity (p. 463) (Lab 2)

Section 3: Solubility & the Dissolving Process

1. State solubility principles and relate them to polarity and intermolecular forces (p. 468-473) (Lab 1).

2. Explain at the molecular level what happens when a solid compound dissolves in a liquid (p. 471-473).

3. Predict the solubility of an ionic compound by using a solubility table (Table 2, p. 473)

4. Describe solutions in terms of their degree of saturation (Fig. 15, p. 474).

5. Describe the factors involved in the solubility of gases in liquids (p. 476-477)

Section 4: Physical Properties of Solutions

1. Distinguish between non-electrolytes, weak electrolytes, and strong electrolytes (p. 478-479)

2. Describe how a solute affects the freezing point and boiling point of a solution (p. 482-483).

3. Explain how a surfactant stabilizes oil-in-water emulsions (p. 484-486)