Glossary

This glossary are terms contained in this user guide that may or may not be known to all readers.

• ADSA - Autosomal DNA Segment Analyzer; see http://dnagedcom.com/adsa/Index.php

• Ahnentafel (German for "ancestor table") is a genealogical numbering system for listing a person's direct ancestors in a fixed sequence of ascent; see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahnentafel

• Chr - Short for Chromosome, A chromosome is an organized package of DNA found in the nucleus of the cell. Different organisms have different numbers of chromosomes. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 pairs of numbered chromosomes, called autosomes, and one pair of sex chromosomes, X and Y. Each parent contributes one chromosome to each pair so that offspring get half of their chromosomes from their mother and half from their father - http://www.isogg.org/wiki/Chromosome

• cMs - Centimorgan; see http://www.isogg.org/wiki/CentiMorgan

• CoA - Country of Ancestry, On the 23andMe site, select My Results\Ancestry Tools\Countries of Ancestry

• CSV File - A comma-separated values (CSV) file stores tabular data (numbers and text) in plain text. Plain text means that the file is interpreted a sequence of characters, so that it is human-readable with a standard text editor. Each line of the file is a data record. Each record consists of one or more fields, separated by commas. The use of the comma as a field separator is the source of the name for this file format - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values

• DNAGedcom - A site containing a number of DNA tools; see http://dnagedcom.com/Default.aspx

• FTDNA - Short for Family Tree DNA, A DNA testing company; see https://www.familytreedna.com/

• GEDCOM - GEDCOM (an acronym standing for Genealogical Data Communication) is a proprietary and open de facto specification for exchanging genealogical data between different genealogy software. GEDCOM was developed by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) as an aid to genealogical research - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEDCOM

• Gedmatch - A third part tool for DNA and genealogy research; see http://v2.gedmatch.com/select.php

• GWorks - A tool on DNAGedcom for collecting and managing GEDCOM data; see http://dnagedcom.com/GedComUtility/Manage.aspx

• IBS - Identical by State; see http://www.isogg.org/wiki/Identical_by_state

• ICW - “In Common With”; Two or more of your matches also match each other in the same segment of a chromosome. In Genome Mate Pro, the segments must overlap to be considered part of an ICW collection. This does not mean there is a common MRCA for all in the ICW collection.

• JWorks - An autosomal grouping tool at DNAGedcom; see http://dnagedcom.com/Auto/JWorks.aspx

• KWorks - An autosomal grouping tool at DNAGedcom; see http://dnagedcom.com/Auto/KWorks.aspx

• MCRA - Most Recent Common Ancestor; see http://www.isogg.org/wiki/Most_recent_common_ancestor

• Segment - see http://segmentology.org/

• SNPs - Single-nucleotide Polymorphism; see http://www.isogg.org/wiki/Single-nucleotide_polymorphism

• Triangulation - “Used in autosomal DNA testing to compare matching DNA segments to determine which ancestor donated which particular segment”; see http://www.isogg.org/wiki/Triangulation