Japan 11
JAPANESE IMPERIAL
GENEALOGY
(The Middle Heian Period)
986 - 1011 Ichijō Tennō, Sixty-Sixth Emperor of Japan. Born Kanehito Shinnō, in 980, he was Crown Prince from 984 and succeeded his uncle Kazan in 986. The eras of his reign were: Kanwa (986-987), Eien (987-989, cut short because of an inauspicious comet), Eiso (989-990, cut short because of a terrible typhoon), Shōryaku (990-995, cut short because of a plague), Chōtoku (995-999), Chōhō (999-1004) and Kankō (1004-1011). He was entirely under the control of his successive Regents, Fujiwara no Kaneie, Fujiwara no Michitaka, and especially his Secretary Fujiwara no Michinaga, whom he greatly resented. In his reign the Tendai Monks of Mt Hiei and Miidera became openly hostile to each other after the Mii-dera monks burnt down Mt Hiei's main hall. He married (first) Fujiwara no Sadako, born 977, a daughter of Fujiwara no Michitaka, she was the Emperor's favourite wife and died 1000 (see FUJIWARA). He married (second) in 996, Fujiwara no Motoko, a daughter of Fujiwara no Akimitsu (see FUJIWARA). He married in 999 (second) Jōtōmon In, born Fujiwara no Akikō, in 988, died 1074, daughter of Fujiwara no Michinaga (see FUJIWARA). He abdicated in 1011 to become a Buddhist priest and died nine days later. He had 5 children, including:
1) Atsuyasu Shinnō (son of Sadako). Born 999, his father wanted him to succeed Sanjō as Emperor, but Fujiwara no Michinaga made sure that he was passed over for the throne in favour of his younger brother (Michinaga's grandson). This was the cause of Emperor Ichijō's resentment of Fujiwara no Michinaga. He became Minister of Ceremonial and married a daughter of Tomohira Shinnō. He had issue, including:
1) Fujiwara no Genshi Chūgū (daughter of Tomohira). Born 1016, died 1039. She married Go-Suzaku Tennō (see below).
2) Go-Ichijō Tennō (son of Jōtōmon In), Sixty-Eighth Emperor of Japan - see below.
3) Go-Suzaku Tennō (son of Jōtōmon In), Sixty-Ninth Emperor of Japan - see below.
1011 - 1016 Sanjō Tennō, Sixty-Seventh Emperor of Japan. Born Iyasada no Shinnō in 976, he was Crown Prince from 986 and succeeded his first cousin in 1011. The eras of his reign were:Kankō (1011-1012) and Chōwa (1012-1016). He was entirely under the control of his Secretary, Fujiwara no Michinaga. He abdicated in 1016, on account of "eye trouble," and entered the Buddhist Priesthood in 1017, and died shortly thereafter. He had issue, including:
1) Atsuaki Shinnō. He married (first) in 1016, Fujiwara no Nobuko, a daughter of Fujiwara no Akimitsu (see FUJIWARA). He married (second) in 1017, a daughter of Fujiwara no Michinaga (see FUJIWARA). He was made Crown Prince in 1016, but resigned in 1017 to become a Buddhist Priest with the name Koichijōin.
3) Yōmeimon In, born Teishi Naishinnō in 1012, died 1094. She married Go-Suzaku Tennō and had issue - see below.
1016 - 1036 Go-Ichijō Tennō, Sixty-Eighth Emperor of Japan. Born Atsunari Shinnō in 1008, he was Crown Prince for 1011 and succeeded his uncle in 1016. The eras of his reign were: Chōwa (1016-1017), Kannin (1017-1021), Jian (1021-1024), Manju (1024-1028) and Chōgen (1028-1036). His reign marked the very height of the Fujiwara Family and Fujiwara no Michinaga needed no official court position to be in complete control. This reign also saw an invasion of Kyushu by the Toi, which was successfully repelled. He died in 1036.
1036 - 1045 Go-Suzaku Tennō, Sixty-Ninth Emperor of Japan. Born Atsunaga Shinnō in 1009, he was Crown Prince from 1017, eventually succeeding his brother in 1036. The eras of his reign were: Chōgen (1036-1037), Chōryaku (1037-1040), Chōkyū (1040-1044) and Kantoku (1044-1045). He was entirely under the control of his Regent, Fujiwara no Yorimichi. He married (first) in 1017, his aunt Fujiwara no Kishi, born 1007, a daughter of Fujiwara no Michinaga, she was Head Lady of the Palace Attendents' Office, she died 1025 (see FUJIWARA). He married (second) his aunt Yōmeimon In, born Teishi Naishinnō in 1012, Secondary Empress (1036-1037), Empress (1037-1045), died 1094, daughter of Sanjō Tennō (see above). He married (third) his cousin Fujiwara no Genshi Chūgū, born 1016, adopted daughter of Fujiwara no Yorimichi, but actual daughter of Atsuyasu Shinnō (see above), Secondary Empress (1037-1039), she died 1039. He abdicated in 1045 and died two days later. He left seven children, including:
1) Go-Reizei Tennō (son of Kishi), Seventieth Emperor of Japan - see below.
2) Go-Sanjō Tennō (son of Yōmeimon In), Seventy-First Emperor of Japan - see below.
1) a daughter (daughter of Genshi).
2) a daughter (daughter of Genshi).
1045 - 1068 Go-Reizei Tennō, Seventieth Emperor of Japan. Born Chikahito Ō in 1025, he was Crown Prince from 1037 and succeeded his father in 1045. The eras of his reign were: Kantoku (1045-1046), Eishō (1046-1053), Tenki (1053-1058), Kōhei (1058-1065) and Jiryaku (1065-1068). He was entirely under the control of his successive Regents, Fujiwara no Yorimichi and Fujiwara no Norimichi. He married (first) Shijō Kyū, born Fujiwara no Kanshi in 1036, daughter of Fujiwara no Yorimichi, she died in 1121 (see FUJIWARA). He married (second) Ono Kyū, born Fujiwara no Kanshi in 1021, daughter of Fujiwara no Norimichi, she died in 1102. He died in 1068.