Oral Cavity - LO 4

4. Name the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue and their origins, insertions and innervation.

Intrinsic tongue muscles: There are four types of intrinsic muscles of the tongue:

• • superior longitudinal,

  • inferior longitudinal,

  • transverse, and

  • vertical.

Intrinsic tongue muscles independently (and in unison) alter tongue shape and perform smaller, more precise movements. Intrinsic tongue mm. are innervated by the hypoglossal n. (CN XII).

Extrinsic tongue muscles: Extrinsic tongue muscles attach elements of the tongue to the skull and hyoid bone to affect gross movements of the tongue. Extrinsic tongue muscles are innervated by the hypoglossal n. (CN XII), except palatoglossus m.