Chinese Translations

Zhang Yi - 張翼*

When the Former Lord stabilized Yi Province, he led it as Governor, and [Zhang] Yi became &lt;i&gt;shuzuo&lt;/i&gt;. By the end of the Jian'an era, he was nominated as Filial and Incorrupt, served as Chief of Jiangyang, moved to Prefect of Fuling, then shifted to Grand Administrator of Zitong, accumulating [ranks] to be promoted to Grand Administrator of Guanghan and Shu Commandery.

先主定益州，領牧，翼為書佐。建安末，舉孝廉，為江陽長，徙涪陵令，遷梓潼太守，累遷至廣漢、蜀郡太守。

In the 9th year of the Jianxing era, he became Commander of Laijiang, General of the Household who Placates the South. [Zhang] Yi by nature upheld the law strictly and so could not get the pleased hearts of the different cultures there. A old general, Liu Zhou, had betrayed and rebelled, making chaos. [Zhang] Yi raised troops to suppress [Liu] Zhou. [Liu] Zhou was not defeated when it happened [Zhang Yi] received an order that he should return. His subordinates all believed he should then gallop his horse or be punished. [Zhang] Yi said, "Incorrect. I, whenever the Man Barbarians acted rowdy, was unsuitable and so I will return. However, as my replacement has not arrived yet, and I am facing towards the battlefield, I should transport military supplies and collect grain as they will be resources in exterminating the traitors. How can I use my dismissal to abandon my task for the country?" From this, he had his unified (army) not slack off. When the replacement came, [Zhang Yi] then left. Ma Zhong exploited his successful foundation to defeat and exterminate [Liu] Zhou. The Assisting Chancellor; [Zhuge] Liang heard thus and thought well of [Zhang Yi]. When [Zhuge] Liang left (Wugong), he had [Zhang] Yi serve as Commandant of the Front Army and Grand Administrator of Fufeng.

建興九年，為庲降都督、綏南中郎將。翼性持法嚴，不得殊俗之歡心。耆率劉冑背叛作亂，翼舉兵討冑。冑未破，會被徵當還，羣下咸以為宜便馳騎即罪，翼曰：「不然。吾以蠻夷蠢動，不稱職故還耳，然代人未至，吾方臨戰場，當運糧積穀，為滅賊之資，豈可以黜退之故而廢公家之務乎？」於是統攝不懈，代到乃發。馬忠因其成基以破殄冑，丞相亮聞而善之。亮出武功，以翼為前軍都督，領扶風太守。

When [Zhuge] Liang died, [Zhang Yi] was made Protector of the Front, and of past discussion of his suppression of Liu Zhou and the merits, he was gifted peerage Marquis within the Passes. In the 1st year of the Yanxj era, he entered as Secretariat, then promoted and shifted to Commander of Jianwei, with acting tally, and further enfeoffed as Marquis of a Capital District and Generalissimo who Conquers the West.

亮卒，拜前領軍，追論討劉冑功，賜爵關內侯。延熈元年，入為尚書，稍遷督建威，假節，進封都亭侯，征西大將軍。

In the 18th year, he and the General of the Guards; Jiang Wei both returned to Chengdu. [Jiang] Wei discussed again leaving with the army and only [Zhang] Yi in the court debated, believing the nation small and the people overworked, that it would be inappropriate to act rashly with military. [Jiang] Wei did not listen and led [Zhang] Yi and the others to move, advancing [Zhang] Yi's rank to Generalissimo who Guards the South. [Jiang] Wei arrived at Digu, crushing Wei's Inspector of Yong Province; Wang Jing. [Wang] Jing's troops that died in the Tao River numbered 10,000. [Zhang] Yi said, "You should halt! Do not advance further, or advancing may ruin our great achievement!" [Jiang] Wei was very furious, saying , "You're drawing legs for a snake!" [Jiang] Wei indeed sieged [Wang] Jing at Digu, but the city would not be overcome. Due to [Zhang] Yi offering differing arguments, [Jiang] Wei and [Zhang] Yi were not friendly in the inside, yet he often involved him in leading together, and [Zhang] Yi also had no choice but to go.

十八年，與衞將軍姜維俱還成都。維議復出軍，唯翼庭爭，以為國小民勞，不宜黷武。維不聽，將翼等行，進翼位鎮南大將軍。維至狄道，大破魏雍州刺史王經，經衆死於洮水者以萬計。翼曰：「可止矣，不宜復進，進或毀此大功。」維大怒，曰：「為蛇畫足。」維竟圍經於狄道，城不能克。自翼建異論，維心與翼不善，然常牽率同行，翼亦不得已而往。

In the 2nd year of the Jingyao era, he was shifted to Left General of Chariots and Cavalry and currently Inspector of Ji Province. In the 6th year, he and [Jiang] Wei were all at Jiamen, together surrendering to Zhong Hui at Fu. The 1st month of next year, he followed [Zhong] Hui to Chengdu where he was killed by disorderly troops.

景耀二年，遷左車騎將軍，領兾州刺史。六年，與維咸在劒閣，共詣降鍾會于涪。明年正月，隨會至成都，為亂兵所殺。

[Zhang] Yi's son, [Zhang] Hui, was sincere in his aspirations and enjoyed studying. His rank reached Grand Administrator of Guanghan.

Yang Xi - 楊戲*

楊戲字文然，犍為武陽人也。少與巴西程祁公弘、巴郡楊汰季儒、蜀郡張表伯達並知名。戲每推祁以為冠首，丞相亮深識之。戲年二十餘，從州書佐為督軍從事，職典刑獄，論法決疑，號為平當，府辟為屬主簿。亮卒，為尚書右選部郎，刺史蔣琬請為治中從事史。琬以大將軍開府，又辟為東曹掾，遷南中郎參軍，副貳庲降都督，領建寧太守。以疾徵還成都，拜護軍監軍，出領梓潼太守，入為射聲校尉，所在清約不煩。延熈二十年，隨大將軍姜維出軍至芒水。戲素心不服維，酒後言笑，每有慠弄之辭。維外寬內忌，意不能堪，軍還，有司承旨奏戲，免為庶人。後景耀四年卒。

The General was firm and strong, that he could destroy the enemy's spirit and ascend over trouble. He established his merits and established his deeds. He was his time's backbone. I appraise Huang Hansheng thus.

將軍敦壯，摧峰登難，立功立事，於時之幹。贊黃漢升。

掌軍清節，亢然恒常，讜言惟司，民思其綱。贊董幼宰。

He stabilizes the far with a strong will, allowing for rest; allowing for energy. He is light in money and firm in strength. In facing danger, he was never frightened. He used few [soldiers] to defend like many, and had special ways to protect the state. I appraise Deng Kongshan thus.

安遠彊志，允休允烈，輕財果壯，當難不惑，以少禦多，殊方保業。贊鄧孔山。〔一〕

[Pei Songzhi's Annotations]

〔一〕Kongshan, forename Fang, was from Nan Commandery. He served as Jing Province clerk and followed the Former Lord into Shu. When Shu was stabilized, he was made Commandant of Qianwei Vassal State, but because of the change of the commandery name, he was made Grand Administrator of Zhuti, then shifted to General who Stabilizes the Far, and Commander of Laijiang, residing in Nanchang county. In the 2nd year of the Zhangwu era, he died. His actions and affairs were lost, hence I did not make a biography.

孔山名方，南郡人也。以荊州從事隨先主入蜀。蜀旣定，為犍為屬國都尉，因易郡名，為朱提太守，遷為安遠將軍、庲降都督，住南昌縣。章武二年卒。失其行事，故不為傳。

He raises his might in his capability, being deferential in civil and military affairs, in office performs his duties, being calm in debates, seeking to have money given away; he possesses righteousness and he possesses generosity. I appraise Fei Binbo thus.[1]

揚威才幹，欷歔文武，當官理任，衎衎辯舉，圖殖財施，有義有叙。贊費賔伯。〔一〕

[Pei Songzhi's Annotations]

〔一〕Binbo, forename Guan, was from Meng, Jiangxia. Liu Zhang's mother was Guan's aunt kinswoman, and Zhang also had his daughter marry Guan. Guan in the 18th year of the Jian'an erea joined Li Yan's military, opposed the Former Lord at Mianzhu, and with Yan both surrendered. When the Former Lord stabilized Yi Province, he made [Guan] Assistant General, later serving as Grand Adminstrator of Ba Commandery and Commander of Jiangzhou. In the 1st year of the Jianxing era, he was enfeoffed as Marquis of a Capital District, also becoming General who Shakes with Might. Guan as a man enjoyed communicating. The Protector of the Capital; Li Yan by nature was self-proud. The Protector; Fu Kuang and other peoples' years and ranks were second to Yan's, but Yan was not close and informal with them. Guan's years were younger than Yan's by over 20 years, yet he and Yan were intimate that their contemporaries talked of such. He died at 37 years old. His actions and affairs are lost, hence I did not make a biography.

賔伯名觀，江夏鄳人也。劉璋母，觀之族姑，璋又以女妻觀。觀建安十八年參李嚴軍，拒先主於緜竹，與嚴俱降，先主旣定益州，拜為裨將軍，後為巴郡太守、江州都督，建興元年封都亭侯，加振威將軍。觀為人善於交接。都護李嚴性自矜高，護軍輔匡等年位與嚴相次，而嚴不與親褻；觀年少嚴二十餘歲，而與嚴通狎如時輩云。年三十七卒。失其行事，故不為傳。

Weigong is rash and narrow-minded, taking and separating the masses. When idle, he is reasonable; when incited, he is aggressive and intrusive. He abandons obedience for violence. The Dayi says such. I appraise Yang Weigong thus.

威公狷狹，取異衆人；閑則及理，逼則傷侵，舍順入凶，《大易》之云。贊楊威公。

Jichang's goodness is genuine, Wenjing's diligence is a model, Shiyuan's words are regulated, Churen is known for his plans,[1] Kongxiu and Wenxiang may be talented or may be satisfied.[2]

季常良實，文經勤類，士元言規，處仁聞計，〔一〕孔休、文祥，或才或臧，〔二〕

[Pei Songzhi's Annotations]

〔一〕Wenjing and Shiyuan both lost their names and facts, activities and deeds, and their commanderies and counties.

文經、士元，皆失其名實、行事、郡縣。

Churen, original name Cun, was from Nanyang. As clerk of Jing Province he followed the Former Lord into Shu, going southward until Luo, becoming Grand Administrator of Guanghan. Cun was always unsubmissive to Pang Tong. When Tong was hit by arrow and died, the Former Lord uttered admired sighs. Cun said, "Though Tong's loyalty to the end is a pity, he violated the standards of righteousness." The Former Lord furiously said, "Tong sacrificed his body to achieve benevolence! Is this also wrong?" He removed Cun from office. Soon after, he fell ill and died.

處仁本名存，南陽人也。以荊州從事隨先主入蜀，南次至雒，以為廣漢太守。存素不服龐統，統中矢卒，先主發言嘉歎，存曰：「統雖盡忠可惜，然違大雅之義。」先主怒曰：「統殺身成仁，更為非也？」免存官。頃之，病卒。失其行事，故不為傳。

〔二〕Kongxiu, forename Guan, was registrar and biejiacongshi of Jing Province. See the Former Lord's biography. Lost is his commandery and county.

孔休名觀，為荊州主簿別駕從事，見先主傳。失其郡縣。

Wenxiang, forename Zhen, was from Xiangyang. He followed the Former Lord into Shu, successively being Prefects of Luo and Pi, going south to become Grand Administrator of Guanghan. His actions and affairs are lost. His son Zhong's rank reached shangshulang.

文祥名禎，襄陽人也。隨先主入蜀，歷雒、郫令、南廣漢太守。失其行事。子忠，官至尚書郎。

The Records of Xiangyang state: Xi Zhen was talented and admired. He was good at discussing and debating, that his reputation was inferior to Pang Tong but was superior to Ma Liang. His son, Zhong, also was famous. Zhong's son, Long, served as Colonel of the Infantry and zhangxiaomishu.

《襄陽記》曰：習禎有風流，善談論，名亞龐統，而在馬良之右。子忠，亦有名。忠子隆，為步兵校尉，掌校秘書。

Of old, there were such ministers that fled [from their original nation]. Their courtesy was forced onto, their resentment originated from high officials, and they ignored great virtue. They did not have any correction nor redemption; they betrayed success to flee northward. They perished as such people, creating scorn from the two nations.

古之奔臣，禮有來逼，怨興司官，不顧大德。靡有匡救，倍成奔北，自絕於人，作笑二國。

[Chen Shou's Annotations]

Mi Fang, styled Zifang, was from Donghai. He served as Grand Administrator of Nan Commandery.

糜芳字子方，東海人也，為南郡太守。

Shi Ren, styled Junyi, was from Guangyang. He served as a general, moved to Gong'an, and became directly subordinate to Guan Yu. He and Yu had emnity, hence he revolted in favor of Sun Quan.

士仁字君義，廣陽人也，為將軍，住公安，統屬關羽；與羽有隙，叛迎孫權。

Hao Pu, styled Zitai, was from Xiangyang. When the Former Lord entered Shu from Jing Province, he had Pu become Grand Administrator of Lingling. He was enticed by Wu general Lü Meng, so he opened the city to Meng.

郝普字子太，義陽人。先主自荊州入蜀，以普為零陵太守。為吳將呂蒙所譎，開城詣蒙。

Pan Jun, styled Chengming, was from Wuling. When the Former Lord entered Shu, he had [Jun] became zhizhong of Jing Province, where he sorted and handled provinical affairs. He was also unfriendly with Guan Yu. When Sun Quan attacked Yu, he thereupon entered Wu.

潘濬字承明，武陵人也。先主入蜀，以為荊州治中，典留州事，亦與關羽不穆。孫權襲羽，遂入吳。

Pu would attain the Minister of Justice; Jun would attain the Minister of Ceremonies, being enfeoffed as Marquis.

普至廷尉，濬至太常，封侯。

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