On November 8th 2001, Richard Kim, Hanshi, known affectionately to many as O'Sensei, passed away. He was 83 years old. The world lost another great master.

Kim was not my teacher and I was not part of his organization, but over a few years I got to know him quite well. What follows are some of my personal memories of Kim, and reflections on how and what he taught me and many others. Hopefully this will give you a sense of the man. I will leave it to others to adequately detail his life.

Kim is best known for his books "The Weaponless Warriors", "The Classical Man," and the series " Kobudo - Okinawan Weapons Series 1-3." For years his column "The Classical Man" was featured in Karate Illustrated. He was also a teacher to thousands of students through his Zen Bei Busen organization which has approximately one hundred martial arts schools across the United States, Canada and Europe.

I had the honor of building a relationship with Kim that began in 1991. It started with a letter to him about the history of some kata. We had a lot in common including the arts we had studied and many teachers we had both known, and thus we often spoke. Soon afterwards he invited me to meet him at his summer camp held annually in Guelph, Ontario, not too far from where I lived. Over the next eight years I got to know Kim quite well.

If you met Kim on the street, the image of a karate master would be the farthest thing from your mind. His hair cut short in a crew cut and dressed with a bow tie and suspenders, he looked more like an accountant or professor.

I found Kim to be very open, someone who genuinely wanted to help others. He had a huge, generous heart, with no sense of arrogance about him. When talking to him, he talked to you as an equal, with total concentration. You always went away feeling somehow acknowledged. This was a great gift.

Kim's personality also had a lightness about it, a youthfulness of heart. Despite his age, he had a joyful spontaneity and enthusiasm -- especially when discussing the martial arts that he loved.

What really struck a listener, however, was his knowledge. He was the ultimate Classical Man. He was also brilliant. He had a Ph.D., and was fluent in five languages. It was often recounted that in his youth he had gone directly from the third to the seventh grade, graduated college by the age of 18 and earned his Ph.D. not long afterwards.

As a teacher he was a living encyclopedia of martial arts information and history, someone who had lived in Japan and China and knew Okinawa and Asia. More than one martial arts authority has said that Kim was the most knowledgeable person on the martial arts that they had ever known.

Concept Of Kata

Kim ran summer and winter camps that were attended by hundreds of students drawn from his many affiliated karate dojos plus an occasional guest, such as myself. From our many conversations at camp always came the unexpected -- added information, untold stories, explanations and insights. He liked the stimulation and it got him off the track of his usual stories that he had told so many times before.

Kim's daily summer camp schedule began at dawn with Tai Chi and the basics of Pa qua (a Chinese internal martial art) along with deep breathing exercises. After breakfast there would be a seminar, each day focusing on a different kata. But there was always more -- kata applications, concepts of strategy, distancing and body alignment, pressure points, exercises in movement, kicking techniques taken from Muay Thai, center line theory, punching exercises from boxing as well as joint locks from Daito-ryu -- an almost overwhelming mix that somehow Kim related back to the kata or subject of the day.

While most karate organizations teach specific renditions of kata, Kim taught different renditions of the same kata drawn from their original teachers. This provided a unique historical perspective, something that not only provided insight on the development of kata itself, but also taught students something about the master from whom the kata were drawn. In all over 70 empty hand and weapons kata were taught.

Kim believed, however, that the essential kata were few -- Chinto, Bassai, Seisan, Gojushiho and Konku. "They are all that are necessary to know to become a karate master," he would often say.

One unifying element that ran through all of Kim's teaching was the acknowledgment of the importance of spirit. It was part of his teaching of technique and kata just as it was the center of his many nightly lectures, although in his lectures the concept of spirit took many forms.

Kim used kata as the principal method of teaching karate. He felt, however, that in the West much of the understanding of karate kata had been lost. His teacher, Yoshida Kotaro, had said, "kata was a way to reach the silence between the thoughts."

Kim often related karate kata to the classical sword arts (kenjutsu). "In kenjutsu there is a moment of truth when you actually face death," he would say, "something that is lost in kendo and other modern 'do' arts."

"In karate kata you can kill your opponent in your mind. You can't do this practice fighting," he would say. "In kata when you hear 'Yoi' (prepare), you fully commit yourself to give up your life in your mind. You become committed to death."

Reaching this higher spiritual plain comes through training in kata, within which you train for life and death. When people begin karate training it is all physical. At that level, when sparring, the strongest always win. At the higher level, however, spirit becomes more important. If you can give up your life and are willing to die, this provides a tremendous advantage, for in battle you must break the other's spirit. And, Kim would often add, "Never fight with someone committed to die in battle."

Those who have written about kata in the West, Kim said, usually do not understand its full meaning. They often quote the saying, "There is no first attack in karate" (Karate ni sente nashi). But this is only a beginning level of understanding. Real karate and kata is to train your intuition, to respond to the intention of attack with a full blitzkrieg of techniques.

"Thus kata deals with the most primeval element - kill or survive," he would say. "You must practice it with full commitment. You must win." This is the truth of life and death combat. "The winner in war is always right," something that seems brutal, he would say, but is the truth.

Thus when you begin kata, Kim would say, you must transport yourself onto the field of combat -- see, feel and smell the enemy and the attacks -- act as if each second were your last -- totally commit to action. This is "Karate ni sente hissho" - "hissho" meaning "guaranteed to win."

Karate masters, Kim would say, learn to go into an Alpha brain wave state -- a state in which you lose yourself and become totally attuned to your environment and your attacker -- in which you become one with the enemy and intuitively connected to his every nuance.

Recently when Peter Urban (an American pioneer of Goju ryu karate and former student of Kim and Gogen Yamaguchi) was asked what the most valuable thing was that he had learned from Kim, he answered, "My value system." When asked "what belief system?" he replied, "Today is now."

Urban was also asked to sum up his training with Kim in the early 1950's. Urban answered with a single word: "Uncompromising."

Spirit And Health

At summer camp during evening lectures, Kim's focus often changed. He complemented the daytime physical aspects of his teaching (techniques and kata) with comprehensive discourses on the esoteric and spiritual side of karate. Kim often said, "Developing spirituality is the unique contribution of the martial arts."

The ultimate goal of Kim's teaching was, I believe, to help his students build a strong, positive and healthy spirit while nurturing the body internally for health and long life. Toward this end Kim prompted his students to develop an ego free attitude -- to look at the world from a larger perspective, to have an open mind, positive attitude, flexible outlook and spiritual source of strength.

Kim understood the intimate connection between mind, body and spirit, and he taught his students how to use their minds to mold their attitude, outlook and spirit and to harness the energies of the body (chi) for health and healing. He also taught how the subconscious mind could be used to program the self towards any end. His goal was to provide simple and useful tools for his students to strengthen their spirit, change their lives, and mold their minds.

On this journey of self-discovery Kim guided his students through a travel log of subjects and insights. While sometimes controversial, he was also riveting. He would regale you with stories of Zen masters, tales of famous samurai, Zen teachers and his own World War II episodes. Everything was punctuated with Kim's sense of humor, an occasional chuckle and ability to laugh at himself. Sometimes Kim's jokes were bit off color, but the humor and the sparkle in his eyes were always present.

There were so many stories, verbal snap shots of great budo masters with whom he had associated -- of Shanghai, China, and about his teachers and stories of Chojun Miyagi (the founder of Goju karate) who had studied at the Shanghai Martial Arts Academy (where Kim visited during WWII while serving in the Japanese army) -- of Yokahama, Japan, where Kim met a young Peter Urban and guided him to study karate and not boxing (Kim was Urban's first karate teacher) -- of Okinawa and Kim's tales of Gichen Funakoshi and Hohan Soken using visualizations in their practice -- of Tokyo, Japan and Mas Oyama and Kim's stories of Oyama's strength and his ability to bend a coin between two fingers.