progressively introducing different yogas
From Karma yoga and Dhyana Yoga to Upasana
Tasmad yogibhava arjuna
Raja Vidya ( branch of knowledge which is king of all knowledge) and Rajya Guhya ( a treasure which is protected) Yoga
Vidyanam Raja ...
This chapter describes about Nirupadika brahma ( the one which does not have any upadhi)
Verses 1-3 talk about commending brahma viday by knowing which nothing to be known
verses 4 to 10 Nirguna brahma Swarupa - nature of supreme brahma which is the base of all existence
verses 11 - 34 onwards different types of seekers ( 7th chapter also refers to the similair concept ) - different types of devotees
Rakshasa prakriti
Asura Prakriti
इदं तु ते गुह्यतमं प्रवक्ष्याम्यनसूयवे।
ज्ञानं विज्ञानसहितं यज्ज्ञात्वा मोक्ष्यसेऽशुभात्॥ १॥
śrībhagavānuvāca
idaṁ tu te guhyatamaṁ pravakṣyāmyanasūyave,
jñānaṁ vijñānasahitaṁ yajjñātvā mokṣyase’śubhāt.
(1) इदं - this; तु - indeed; ते - to thee; गुह्यतमं - greatest secret; प्रवक्ष्यामि - (I) shall now declare; अनसूयवे - to one who does not cavil; ज्ञानं - knowledge; विज्ञानसहितं - combined with experience (or Realisation); यत् - which; ज्ञात्वा - having known; मोक्ष्यसे - shall be free; अशुभात् - from evil
1. To thee who does not cavil, I shall now declare this, the greatest secret, the most profound Knowledge combined with experience (or Realisation); which having known, you shall be free from the sorrows of life.
Ref : Brahma Sutra Avrutti Adhikaranam
आवृत्तिरसकृदुपदेशात् ।। 4.1.1 ।। लिङ्गाच्च।।4.1.2।।
Avrutti is repeated instruction like tatvamasi .. all these are given several times ...
15 verse
Knowing about the real nature of supreme being is real Yagna. Leaving the other forms of worships(like idol worship)
there is only one truth ..
16
“Do you remember the mantra we learnt last week? Prithivya oshadhaya, oshadibhyo annam, annat purushah. Do you know what follows?” said Shankara laughing.
“Please tell.”
“Purushat purishah. It is only excreta from man.”
All had a hearty laugh. Shankara continued, “That is the difference between we mortals and Almighty God. He transforms excreta into edible fruit. But we make excreta of fruit. Excreta, urine and sweat, these are what man produces. Man evolved from the earth. Now, is it not clear that the cause of all this dirt is earth or mud? It has neither good smell nor bad smell. That is why all the dirt produced by the innumerable living creatures as well as the sweet smell produced by the fruits and flowers of plants when absorbed by the earth, both get destroyed and become odorless mud. That is why we become clean if we rub our body with mud and take a bath.”
One of them asked, “How does that bad or good smell which is not in the mud come from the mud?”
Ahamgrahopasana - means the i am no different from the diety
Mantra is treated as a temple for a diety
Mananat trayate ithihi mantra - By realizng the nature of the diety you become that particular diety.
हुतम् - the offering - what ever is put into the Yanjna
Chinmayananda, Swami. Shrimad Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 9 (p. 55). Central Chinmaya Mission Trust. Kindle Edition.
verse 17
parvathi kalyanam - shiva is son of brahma- vishnu and who is his father it is shiva it self
dhata - can be treated as hiranya garbha cosmic intelligence