Caricatures

A caricature is a rendered portrait that exaggerates or distorts a subject's distinctive features for a humorous, critical, or satirical effect. The term comes from the Italian word caricare, meaning "to load or charge," which is reflected in the art form's practice of creating a "loaded portrait".

While typically an artistic drawing, caricature can also be a description in literature or an imitation in performance.

Caricature vs. cartoon

The main difference between a caricature and a cartoon is that a caricature is specifically a portrait of a recognizable person, whereas a cartoon can depict a general situation or fictional characters. Political caricatures, however, are a prominent type of political cartoon.

Historical context

• Origins: The art form emerged around 1600 in Italy, with the artist Annibale Carracci often credited for its beginnings.

• 18th-century expansion: Caricature flourished in Britain during the 18th century as a powerful medium for political commentary. Influential artists like James Gillray and Thomas Rowlandson used it to satirize politicians and social mores.

• 19th-century influence: The weekly British magazine Vanity Fair (1868–1914) became famous for its weekly caricature portraits of prominent people in society.

• Modern era: In addition to its continued use in political satire, caricature is also a popular form of entertainment at events, with artists drawing quick, humorous portraits of guests.