PAST SIMPLE

THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN (PAST SIMPLE) - CÔNG THỨC, CÁCH SỬ DỤNG, DẤU HIỆU, VÀ

BÀI TẬP LUYỆN TẬP (CÓ ĐÁP ÁN)

DANH MỤC

1. Definition (Định nghĩa)

2. Form of past simple tense (Công thức thì quá khứ đơn)

• Affirmations sentence (Câu khẳng định)

• Negative sentence (Câu phủ định)

• Question sentence (Câu nghi vấn)

3. Identification sign (Dấu hiệu nhận biết)

4. Regular verbs and irregular verbs (Các động từ có quy tắc và động từ bất quy tắc)

5. Exercises (Bài tập luyện tập)

1. Definition (Định nghĩa)

• The simple past tense, sometimes called the preterite, is used to talk about a completed action in a time before now. The simple past is the basic form of past tense in English. The time of the action can be in the recent past or the distant past and action duration is not important.

(Thì quá khứ đơn, đôi khi được gọi là thời quá khứ, được dùng để nói về một hành động đã hoàn thành trong một khoảng thời gian trước đây. Thì quá khứ đơn là dạng cơ bản của thì quá khứ trong tiếng Anh. Thời gian của hành động có thể là trong quá khứ gần đây hoặc quá khứ xa và thời gian của hành động là không quan trọng.)

2. Form of past simple tense (Công thức thì quá khứ đơn)

a. Simple past structure with the verb "TO BE"

• Affirmative (Câu khẳng định):

S + was/were + ...

Eg: She was angry with her father's decision yesterday.

• Negative (Câu phủ định):

S + was/were + not + ...

Eg: It was not warm enough to play football outside yesterday.

• Interrogative (Câu nghi vấn):

Was/Were + S + ... ?

Yes, S + was/were. No, S + was/were + not.

Eg: Were they friends? Yes, they were./ No, they weren't.

b. Simple past structure with ordinary verbs

• Affirmative (Câu khẳng định):

S + V(regular/irregular) + O

Eg: I skipped.

• Negative (Câu phủ định):

S + did not (didn’t) + V + O

Eg: I did not skip.

• Interrogative (Câu nghi vấn):

Did + S + V ?

Eg: Did she arrive?

• Interrogative negative (Câu nghi vấn phủ định):

Didn’t + S + V ?

Eg: Didn't you play?

• Question-word question (Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi):

Wh/H + did + S + V ?

Eg: Why did the Martians land near the aqueduct?

When did the burglar use the fire escape?

3. Indentification sign (Dấu hiệu nhận biết)

• An indefinite point in time: the other day, ages ago, a long time ago,...

Eg: People lived in caves a long time ago.

She played the piano when she was a child.

• A definite point in time: last week, when I was a child, yesterday, six weeks ago,...

Eg: We saw a good film last week.

Yesterday, I arrived in Geneva.

She finished her work at seven o'clock.

I went to the theatre last night.

• Frequency: often, sometimes, always,...

Eg: I sometimes walked home at lunchtime.

I often brought my lunch to school.

Note: the word "ago" is a useful way of expressing the distance into the past. It is placed after the period of time: a week ago, three years ago, a minute ago.

4. Regular verbs and irregular verbs (Các động từ có quy tắc và động từ bất quy tắc)

• If you're dealing with a regular verb, the simple past tense is formed like this:

• If it's an irregular verb, the simple past tense is formed in all sorts of different ways. You just have to learn them. Here are some examples:

5. Exercises (Bài tập luyện tập)

Excersise 1: Complete the sentences, put the verb into the correct form, positive or negative. (simple past tense)

1. It was warm, so I ……… off my coat. (take)

2. The film wasn't very good. I didn't ……… it very much. (enjoy)

3. I knew Sarah was very busy, so I ......... her. (not disturb)

4. I was very tired, so I ........... to bed early. (go)

5. The bed was very uncomfortable. I .......... very well. (sleep)

6. Sue wasn't hungry, so she ........ anything. (not eat)

7. We went to Kate's house but she ....... at home. (not be)

8. It was a funny situation but nobody ....... (laugh)

9. The window was open and a bird ........ into the room. (fly)

10. The hotel wasn't very expensive. It ........ very much. (not cost)

11. I was in a hurry, so I ....... time to phone you. (have)

12. It was hard work carrying the bags. They ......... very heavy. (be)

Excersise 2:

a. Form the questions.

Example: She opened the window. - Did she open the window?

1. He took a shower. .......... a shower?

2. She did the homework. ........... the homework?

3 . They visited their grandparents. .......... their grandparents?

4. The girls jumped into the lake. .......... into the lake?

5. He looked after his younger sister. .......... his younger sister?

b. Fill in “was” or “were” into the gaps. If there is a (-) use the negation (“wasn't” or “weren't”).

1. Last year my best friend ............ 22 years old.

2. The weather ........... cold when we .......... in Berlin.

3. Why ............ you so angry yesterday?

4. At this time last year Sandra ............ in Paris.

5. We tired because it ............ late at night.

c. Fill in the negation.

Eg: She hurt her leg. She didn’t hurt her leg.

1. They were at the party yesterday. They ................. at the party yesterday.

2. Paula wrote back. Paula ........... back.

3. We arrived late. We ........... late.

4. He played football. He ................ football.

5. I forgot her birthday. I .............. her birthday.

• Keys (Đáp án):

• Game: Hãy thử kiểm tra kiến thức của mình qua trò chơi này nhé! (Try to test your knowledge through this game!)

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Đỗ Minh Hạnh