Thematic Timeline - MIGRATION AND SETTLEMENT

Example of a thematic timeline for "Migration and Settlement"

1450

~Christopher Columbus explores the Bahamas and West Indies (1492-1504)

~Pedro Alvares Cabral makes landfall in Brazil (1500)

~Spanish conquest of Mexico and Peru (1519-1535)

1550

~Castilians and Africans arrive in Spanish America in large numbers

~English colonies in Newfoundland, Maine, and Roanoke fail

1600

~First set of Anglo-Indian wars

~African servitude begins in Virginia (1619)

~Caribbean islands move from servitude to slavery

1660

~The Middle Passage shapes Africans' experiences of arrival

~Indian slave trade emerges in South Carolina

~First Mennonites arrive in Pennsylvania (1683)

1690

~Quakers emigrate to Pennsylvania and New Jersey

~Second wave of Germans arrive in Pennsylvania, Shenandoah Valley

1700

~Growing gentry immigration to Virginia

~White indentured servitude shapes Chesapeake society

~Africans defined as property rather than people in the Chesapeake

1720

~Scots-Irish begin migrating to Pennsylvania (c. 1720)

~Parliament charters Georgia (1732)

~Penns make Walking Purchase from the Delawares (1737)

1750

~40,000 Germans and Swiss emigrate to Pennsylvania (1749-1756)

~Anglo-Americans pushing onto backcountry lands

1763

~Migration into the Ohio Valley after Pontiac's Rebellion

~Quebec Act (1774) allows Catholicism

1776

~Declining immigration from Europe (1775-1820) enhances American identity

~African American slaves seek freedom through military service

1787

~State cessions, land ordinances, and Indian wars create national domain in the West

~The Alien Act makes it harder for immigrants to become citizens and allow for deporting aliens (1798)

1800

~Suffrage for white men expands; New Jersey retracts suffrage for propertied women (1807)

~Atlantic slave trade ends (1808)

1810

~American Colonization Society founded (1817)

~Congress outlaws Atlantic slave trade (1776-1809)

~Andrew Jackson forces Creeks to relinquish millions of acres during War of 1812

1820

~Slave trade moves African Americans west

~Rural women take factory work, alter gender roles

1830

~Indian Removal Act (1830) forces native peoples west

~Cherokees' "Trail of Tears" (1838)

1840

~Working-class districts emerge in cities

~German and Irish immigrants spark nativist movement

~Mormons resettle in Utah

1850

~Immigrants replace native-born women in textile mills

~White farm families settle trans-Mississippi west

1870

~Hostility toward Chinese immigrants grows

1880

~Rapid industrialization draws immigrants from around the world; American cities grow rapidly

~Chinese Exclusion Act (1882-1943)

1890

~Gorras Blancas confront wealthy Anglo interests in New Mexico

~Ellis Island opens (1892)

~Supreme Court upholds segregation of schools and public facilities in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

~Unemployed whites attack and drive Chinese farmworkers out of California

1900

~Rising immigration from Eastern and Southern Europe

~Height of eugenics (1900s-1920s)

~Increasing numbers of blacks move to cities; responses include "race riots" by whites

~Japanese immigrants barred from becoming U.S. citizens (1906)

1980

~Rise in Latino and Asian immigration

~Californians vote to establish English as official language (1986)

1990

~Backlash against "multiculturalism"

~California bans bilingual education in public schools (1998)

2000

~New scrutiny of airport passengers after 9/11

~California, Texas, Hawaii, and New Mexico become "majority-minority" states (where the majority of the population is composed of minorities)

2010

~Obama's 2012 electoral coalition heavily African American, Hispanic, Asian American, female, and young