Pipe Size Information
PVC Pipe Measurements (USA)
S# = Schedule
Dielectric Strength = 1413 V/mil.
Dielectric Constant = 3.7
Resistivity = 12 ohms per centimeter
Softening starts at 250 degrees Farenheight
Becomes Viscous at 350 degrees Farenheight
Material Carbonates at 425 degrees Farenheight
Flash Ignition at 730 degrees Farenheight
Wrought Iron Pipe Characteristics (USA)
Wrought Iron Pipe is used for water supply in older houses. It comes in either "Black" or "Galvanized". Joints are made by threading pipe into cast iron fittings. Unlike screw threads, pipe threads are tapered.
3/8" iron pipe is 5/8" O.D. making a substitute for 5/8" rod (along with 1/2" copper pipe). 1/2" copper pipe couplings make fair bushings for 3/8" iron pipe shafts.
COPPER PIPE CHARACTERISTICS (USA)
Wall thickness of copper pipe varies with the pipe schedule. The four common standards are named K, L, M, DVW (Drain/Waste/Vent-non pressuruzed), with color codes of K=Green, L=Blue, M=Red, and DVW=Yellow.
S# = Schedule
The pressure a copper pipe can handle is dependent on temperature and the size of the pipe. Joints are usually rated for less pressure than the pipe itself.
During manufacture copper pipe is drawn through a die. This work-hardensthe metal, making it quite rigid. Flexible copper pipe (K and L only) are annealed afterwards to return it ot a flexible state.
Drawn copper pipe makes nice axles. A 1/2" copper pipe will fit snugly in a 5/8" bearing. Just remember that copper pipe is not as strong as a proper steel rod, especially in bending, and that over-tightening set screws can deform the pipe. K-series pipe, having the thickest wall, will be the strongest for use as axles.
Copper pipe fittings can be used as bushings. A 1/2" pipe coupling is 5/8" I.D., though you will have to file off the nubs to allow your axle to push all the way through the fitting. You can use a T-fitting with a cap and fitted with a grease fitting as a lubable bushing...or just leave the cap off and use it as an oil cup.
Structural Pipe Dimensions and Weights (USA)