Abdel Fattah Mohamed Ibrahim El-Fiky, Egyptian chemist and oceanographer (Mansoura 28 January 1905 – Tripoli 23 September 1967)
First to observe the adiabatic increase of temperature in the deep water of the Gulf of Aqaba
First to note the presence of an intermediate layer of minimum oxygen and an intermediate maximum phosphate in the Northern Red Sea
First to describe the exchange of water in the Strait of Tiran between the Gulf and the Red Sea as well as circulation of water and origin of bottom water in the Northern Red Sea
Revealed the conditions which limit the depth of the layers of phytoplanktonic activity in the tropical regions, as well as the origin, character and movement of the Antarctic Intermediate Current and the North Indian Intermediate Current