Ukrainian is an East Slavic language spoken primarily in Ukraine. It is the first language of the majority of Ukrainians. Closely related to Russian and even more closely to Belarusian, Ukrainian’s differences lie mainly in the vowel systems.
Due to ongoing conflict between Russia and the Ukraine, most recently Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, linguistic differences are highlighted and celebrated by Ukrainians. It is considered impolite to Russify their language, even if it is mutually comprehensible. For example, the capital city of Ukraine, Kiev, is pronounced in Ukrainian ‘Keev’.
Word order: Primarily Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) but is flexible, allowing variations for emphasis due to rich inflection.
Dialects: there are several dialects, depending on which region of the country speakers live in.
Writing system: Ukrainian uses the Cyrillic alphabet, with sounds tailored to Ukrainian phonology.
Sounds: The English /ɹ/ is absent; Ukrainian uses the rolled /r/. The /θ/ and /ð/ sounds do not exist.
Welcome: Ласкаво просимо (Laskavo prosymo)
Hello (general greeting): Вітаю (Vitayu) - frm
What’s your name? Як тебе звати (Jak tebe zvaty?) inf/sg
My name is . . . Мене звуть (Mene zvuť ...)
Good morning! Доброго ранку! (Dobroho ranku)
I don’t understand: Я не розумію (Ja ne rozumiju)
Please speak more slowly: Ви не могли б розмовляти повільніше
(Vy ne mogly b rozmovljaty poviľniše) - frm
Excuse me: Перепрошую! (Pereprošuju)
Stop! Стій! (Stij!)