Korean is the native language for about 81 million people, mostly living in North and South Korea. It is ranked among the most difficult languages to learn (for English speakers) by the US Department of State. While there are a few differences that have developed between the Korean spoken in the North and the South, the differences are minor.
Word Order: Korean uses a subject-object-verb (SOV) structure
Instead of ‘I eat bread, Korean would say ‘I bread eat.’
Writing: Korean is written using Hangul, a unique alphabet that represents sounds in syllable blocks. This alphabet has 24 basic letters and 27 complex letters, formed by combinations of basic letters.
Cool fact: Hangul was personally developed by King Sejong the Great, who was frustrated at the previous script, which was adapted from Chinese characters.
Language of Respect: Korean has a complex system of honorifics, which affects verb forms and word choice based on social hierarchy. How you speak depends on to whom you are speaking and their social position.
Sounds: Unlike English, Korean does not have distinct sounds for "l" and "r," often causing challenges for Korean speakers when pronouncing these sounds in English.
Welcome 환영합니다 (hwangyong-hamnida)
Hello: 여보세요 (yeoboseyo)
How are you? 어떻게 지내세요? (eotteohke jinaeseyo?)
Reply to ‘How are you?” 잘지내요 (jaljinaeyo)
What’s your name? 이름은 무엇입니까? (ireumeun mueosip nikka?)
My name is . . . 제 이름은 ... 입니다 (je ireum-eun ... imnida)
Good morning: 안녕하십니까 (annyeong hashimnikka)
Yes: 네 (ne), 예 (ye)
No: 아니요 (aniyo)