Carbon Cycling and Metabolism
Unit Study Guide
Know what the following terms mean: thermodynamics, autotrophs, heterotrophs, metabolism, metabolic pahtways, catabolic reactions and anabolic reactions,.
Describe the structure and function of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Explain the ATP-ADP Cycle
Explain the role of NADPH within photosynthesis
Identify the following structural components of a chloroplast: outer membrane, inner membrane, thylakoid membrane, thylakoid discs, granum (grana), lemellae, lumen and stroma
Identify the basic function of the Light Reactions and the Calvin Cycle
Discuss the specific role for each of the following molecules within the electron transport: Photosystem 2, Plastoquinone, B6f complex, Plastocyanin, Photosystem 1, Ferredoxin, NADPH Reductase, ATP SynthaseExplain the following processes that occur within the light reactions, Photolysis, active transport, dehydration synthesis (via enzymatic activity), Chemiosmosis and Photophosphorylation
How does light intensity influence the Light Reactions? What does a photosynthesis light intensity graph look like and why?
The inputs and outputs of each of the 4 steps of the Calvin Cycle
The role of Rubisco
The importance of RuBp
What is the problem with rubisco and what are scientists doing to try to solve it? article on How Scientists are Trying to Fix Photosynthesis
Know the typical photosynthesis graphs for CO2 concentrations, light intensity and temperature. Factors that Impact Photosynthesis
How can CO2 concentrations, light intensity and temperature impact the overall rates of photosynthesis? Why are these factors considered limiting factors to photosynthesis? What is the relationship between these factors and enzymes? Factors that Impact Photosynthesis
What are the major enzymes that influence the rate of photosynthesis?
Evolutionary adaptations (alternative pathways) to extreme conditions. C4 Plants and CAM Plants, pg. 208
The basic similarity and difference between anaerobic and aerobic respiration
The cellular locations of anaerobic and aerobic respiration.
The overall inputs and outputs of glycolysis (total number of NADH & ATP molecules)
The three stages of glycolysis: by name, inputs and outputs
The similarities and differences between lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation
The importance of lactic acid fermentation in aerobic, eukaryotic organisms during oxygen deprived situations.
The parts of the mitochondria.
The cellular locations of the Pre-Kreb's Reaction, the Kreb's Cycle, and the ETC
The inputs and outputs of the Pre-Kreb's Reaction
The role of Coenzyme A
The role of citric acid and why it needs to be regenerated
The basic outputs of the Kreb's Cycle, as discussed in the lecture/my notes
The role of NADH and FADH2
How a concentration gradient is generated.
The direction of chemiosmosis and the role of ATP synthase
The total number of ATP produced in each of the 3 phases of cellular respiration
The overall formula for cellular respiration
What happens to glucose
Where and why oxygen is needed
Where in the reactions are the products produced.
Information on all yellow slides of my Cellular Respiration Lecture Notes
Be prepared to answer questions about the Cell Respiration Gizmo STEM Case. If given the poisons discussed and what they do to molecules in the mitochondria, predict how each poison can influence the level of pyruvate, NADH, H+ concentrations and the level of ATP.
Tuesday 2/13/2024
Focus: Gizmo STEM Case Review / Cellular Respiration Review
Bell Question
Read this article on Mitochondrial Diseases but only read through Causes but not including Signs & Symptoms. With your table partners, discuss the following questions.
How can a mitochondrial disease be similar to the situation with Jared, from the last Gizmo STEM case?
Identify ways in which they are different.
Which 'energy' molecule was not measured/analyzed in the Gizmo?
Where is it produced?
What is its job?
Today's In-class Tasks
We will then discuss the results of the Gizmo Stem Case and review cellular respiration as we do such.
What is rotenone, where does it come from and what is it used for? Rotenone has limited use in the US and is banned in organic farming, what negative, environmental consequences does rotenone present?
Student groups will then compete in a Cellular Respiration review competition.
Assignment
Finish reading and taking notes on Module 8, Lesson 3, Cellular Respiration
Notes for extra credit can be done only in Cornell Notes.
Prep for your Metabolism Test, the study guide is set.
Test to be given on Thursday 2/15.
If you do at least 20 questions on any or all of the 3 sections of the Study Guide/HW packet you will get credit if you submit it on Friday.
Mathematically, submitting complete work improves your grade.
Supportive Media
Friday 2/9/2024
Focus: Cellular Respiration / Aerobic Respiration / STEM Case
Bell Question
Look at the graph below it tells a story. What is the story? discuss with your partners.
How long into the exercise does it take the body to gain more energy from aerobic respiration than anaerobic respiration?
Today's In-class Tasks
We will start class by going by finishing our discussion of fermentation.
We will then go over all of aerobic respiration. I am providing my Cellular Respiration Lecture Notes; the yellow slides are summary slides that contain the information you will need to know for the test. Additional information needed for the test is in the Study Guide.
Today's conversation will focus on the Kreb's Cycle and Electron Transport Chain
Students will then be given the rest of the class to work through the Cellular Respiration STEM Case in Gizmos
Assignment
Complete the Gizmos Stem Case
Continue reading and taking notes on Module 8, Lesson 3, Cellular Respiration
Notes for extra credit can be done only in Cornell Notes.
Begin prepping for your Metabolism Test, the study guide is set.
Test to be given on Thursday 2/15.
Supportive Media
Image 1: Energy Systems & Oxygen Consumption
Wednesday 2/7/2024
Focus: Cellular Respiration - Anaerobic Respiration
Bell Question
Discuss with your group the differences between a C4 Plant and a CAM plant and why the are different than "normal" plants.
Observe the three images below. What do all 3 have in common?
Today's In-class Tasks
We will start class with a wonderful musical introduction to Glycolysis.
We will then go over all of cellular respiration today. I am providing my Cellular Respiration Lecture Notes; the yellow slides are summary slides that contain the information you will need to know for the test. Additional information needed for the test is in the Study Guide.
Today's conversation will focus on anaerobic respiration
Anytime left will be spent working on #1 of the Homework/Study Guide worksheets for this unit. Packet to be given in class.
Assignment
Begin working on the Cell Respiration Homework and Study Guide Packet; Study Guide #1, Study Guide #2 & Study Guide #3
You only need to do 20 numbered questions on each of the Study Guides
You select which 20 you will do
This packet is due when you take the test, Thursday 2/15
Continue reading and taking notes on Module 8, Lesson 3, Cellular Respiration
Notes for extra credit can be done only in Cornell Notes.
Begin prepping for your Metabolism Test.
Test to be given on Thursday 2/15.
Supportive Media
Image 1: Sprinter
Image 2: Power Lifter
Image 3 : Swimmer
Video 1: Glycolysis
Monday 2/05/2023
Focus: Factors that Impact Photosynthesis / Anaerobic Respiration - 'Feel The Burn' Lab
Bell Question
Take out your copy of Factors that Impact Photosynthesis
Today's In-class Tasks
We will discuss Factors that Impact Photosynthesis
We will discuss the Feel the Burn Lactic Acid Lab Sheet
Students should read the Introduction and answer the Pre-lab questions with help from your lab partners
Students will explore the impacts of lactic acid fermentation by completing the Feel the Burn Lactic Acid Lab
Assignment
Complete the Feel the Burn Lactic Acid Lab
Due on Friday, 2/9
Be prepared to discuss Photosynthesis Alternate Pathways, page 208 in your book.
Continue reading and taking notes on Module 8, Lesson 3, Cellular Respiration
Notes for extra credit can be done only in Cornell Notes.
Begin prepping for your Metabolism Test.
Test to be given on Thursday 2/15.
Supportive Media
Thursday 2/1/2023
Focus: The Calvin Cycle
Bell Question
Place your completed Plant Pigment (Paper ) Chromatography Lab lab handout in the black tray at the front of the room
A reason for understanding metabolic pathways: The Calvin Cycle
Read this article on How Scientists are Trying to Fix Photosynthesis and discuss the answers to the following questions with your table mates:
What is RUBISCO and what is the problem with RUBISCO?
How are scientists trying to solve the problem?
Why should we care about this?
Today's In-class Tasks
We will begin class with a discussion about the Photosynthesis Lab.
We will watch the short video below: The Calvin Cycle and discuss the steps to the Calvin Cycle.
I will be working off my Photosynthesis Lecture Notes.
Students will fill in the Calvin Cycle Guided Notes, given in Google Classroom, as we go over the Calvin Cycle
Afterwards, students will complete the Photosynthesis: Light Reactions vs Calvin Cycle handout, given in class.
As a whole class, we will then work through the Calvin Cycle of the Bioman Photosynthesis Interactive
We will then discuss the article read as the Bell Question and how it relates to the Calvin Cycle
Students, lastly, will work as lab groups to complete the Factors that Impact Photosynthesis assignment, given as a handout in class.
Assignment
If not finished during class, finish Factors that Impact Photosynthesis
Begin reading and taking notes on Module 8, Lesson 3, Cellular Respiration
Notes for extra credit can be done only in Cornell Notes.
Supportive Media
Video 1: The Calvin Cycle
Tuesday 1/30/2024
Focus (Learning Intentions): The Extraction of Photopigments Through Paper Chromatography
Students will extract plant photopigments through the process of paper chromatography
Students will identify photopigments present in a leaf
Students will determine how the wavelength of light impacts photosynthesis and justify their claim
Bell Question
No Bell Question, we are going to get started with the Plant Pigment (Paper ) Chromatography Lab
Today's In-class Tasks
Follow the procedures on the Plant Pigment (Paper ) Chromatography Lab handout.
The image below should help with determining Rf values
While waiting for your final results, work through this Plant Growth and Different Colored Lights Virtual Lab.
and complete Table 1 on the Plant Pigment (Paper ) Chromatography Lab handout.
Assignment
Finish completing the Plant Pigment (Paper ) Chromatography Lab handout BUT Do NOT do the actual Rf value in Data Table 1 - I will give it to you next class.
Make sure you come into class with it completed.
Finish completing the Plant Pigment (Paper ) Chromatography Lab handout BUT Do NOT do the actual Rf value in Data Table 1 - I will give it to you next class.
You will need the Plant Growth and Different Colored Lights Virtual Lab. link to complete the lab.
Continue taking notes on Module 8 Lesson 2.
Notes for extra credit can be done only in Cornell Notes.
Supportive Media
Image 1: Chromatogram Example
Not shown is anthocyanin, which would be between chlorophyll b and the origin of pigments
Friday 1/25/2024
Today's Focus: Light Reactions Review / Photosynthesis STEM Case
Bell Question
We will begin with a video on ATP Synthase
We will then do a Light Reactions activity
Today's In-class Tasks
We will going over the steps to the Light Reactions.
We will then do a vocabulary challenge on the Light Reactions vocab terms.
Students will then begin working on the Photosynthesis STEM case in Gizmos.
Assignment
Complete the Photosynthesis STEM case in Gizmos
Continue taking notes on Module 8 Lesson 2.
Notes for extra credit can be done only in Cornell Notes.
Prepare for a quiz on the Light Reactions. The study guide above indicates all essential information to date.
Quiz will be on Tuesday
Here are the answer keys to out last two Light Reactions Activities
You should also review:
Supportive Media
Video 1: The Light Reactions
Wednesday 1/24/2024
Today's Focus: The Light Reactions
Bell Question
Take out your Light Reactions Coloring worksheet
Today's In-class Tasks
We will start class by going over the midterm.
Students will then do a "Light Reactions Ordering" activity
We will then re-watch the short video below and double check the ordering
We will then work through the Light Reactions Coloring worksheet and discuss what occurs during the Light Reactions
Students will take breaks to color specific molecules involved in the Light Reactions
Assignment
Continue taking notes on Module 8 Lesson 2.
Notes for extra credit can be done only in Cornell Notes.
Supportive Media
Video 1: The Light Reactions
Tuesday 1/9/2024
Today's Focus: The Light Reactions
Bell Question
Take out your ATP Overview Worksheet , ATP Fill-in Worksheet and Chloroplasts and Photosynthesis Coloring worksheet .
Today's In-class Tasks
We will go over the answers to the ATP Overview Worksheet , ATP Fill-in Worksheet and Chloroplasts and Photosynthesis Coloring worksheet
Using my Photosynthesis Lecture Notes, we will discuss the structure of chloroplasts
We will then watch a short video that provides an overview of the Light Reactions and then students will individually read through the Light Reactions Coloring worksheet and summarize the essential actions in each section of the reading.
While students are working on this assignment I will check the Cornell Notes for Module 8, Lesson 1
Once I have scored the homework assignment, we will discuss Cornell Notes.
We will then go over the last unit test.
Assignment
Continue taking notes on Module 8 Lesson 2.
Notes for extra credit can be done only in Cornell Notes.
Complete the Photosynthesis Gizmo Lab. Due Date is Thursday 1/11
Biochemistry Re-take will be given on Thursday 1/11 during class.
Supportive Media
Video 1: The Light Reactions
Friday 1/5/2024
Today's Focus: Chloroplasts & the Light Reactions
Bell Question
No Bell Question.
Today's In-class Tasks
Finish the rest of the ATP Fill-in Worksheet; we started it in our last class.
Students should then complete the first 3 pages of the Chloroplasts and Photosynthesis Coloring worksheet ; do not do the backside of the last page.
Students can then decide to do either of the following, knowing that both need to be done.
Read and take notes on Module 8, Lesson 2.
You can use your digital book OR one of the physical books I have in the classroom.
Remember: Notes need to be in Cornell Style for extra credit and an opportunity for a test retake.
Work on the Photosynthesis Gizmo Lab, given in Google Classroom
Assignment
Take notes on Module 8 Lesson 2.
Notes for extra credit can be done only in Cornell Notes.
Begin the Photosynthesis Gizmo Lab. Due Date is Thursday 1/11
Supportive Media
Wednesday 1/03/2024
Today's Focus: Cornell Notes / Overview of Photosynthesis / ATP
Bell Question
No Bell Question
Today's In-class Tasks
We will start class by changing seats
We will then discuss the purpose of Cornell Notes
We will watch the Cornell Notes video below
Students will then be given a Cornell Notes Template and the assignment below
We will then discuss ATP and students will work on the ATP Overview Worksheet & ATP Fill-in Worksheet
If time remains we will go over the answers to both worksheets.
Assignment
Read and take notes on Module 8, Lesson 1.
Using the Cornell Notes Template, or pages in your notebook set-up in the Cornell Format, take Cornell notes on the information in this lesson.
Due Friday 1/4
Supportive Media
Supportive Media
Video 1: How to Take Cornell Notes Properly