Chemistry

of Life

Unit Study Guide

Module 6, Lesson 1

Know the structure of the atom, including electron orbitals
Know the structure of the periodic table, including:
1. - Know the differences between groups and periods with respects to electrons
  - Know why the atomic number is important with respect to the structure of the Periodic Table of Elements
  - Given an element on a Periodic Table, you should be able to determine the number of protons it has, the number of electrons it has, the nuber of electron orbitals and the number of valence electrons
Know what an ionic bond is and how atoms form ionic bonds
1. - Given two atoms, explain how the atoms would create an ionic bond (similar to the Ionic Bond Gizmo)
Know what a covalent bond is and how atoms form covalent bonds
1. - Given two or more atoms, explain how the atoms would create an covalent bond (similar to the Ionic Bond Gizmo)
With the exception of isotope, know the definition of all highlighted and bold vocabulary terms in the lesson.

Module 6, Lesson 3

Know what a polar covalent bond is and how it creates a polar molecule
Know how water behaves around other water molecules and:
1. - What a hydrogen bond is
  - what cohesion is
  - what adhesion is
Know the following properties of water:
Know how water behaves around ionic and polar solutes and why it is such a good solvent
With reference to H and OH ions, know the difference between an acid and a base, as well as where each lands on the pH scale.
Review the reaction between acetic acid and calcium carbonate (11/6 Agenda) and know how the acid broken up an egg shell.
Be prepared to explain the role of buffers
Know the definition of all highlighted and bold vocabulary terms in the lesson.

Module 7 Lessons 2 & 3

Know the difference between solute, solvent and solution.
Be prepared to identify regions of high solute concentrations and low solute concentrations when given a diagram of particles in a system
Explain the movement of solute particles during diffusion.
What is "Net Flow"? this is from class discussions
Identify factors that impact the rate of diffusion.
Know the meaning of the following terms: hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic, dynamic equilibrium
What is osmosis and how does it differ from diffusion?
Be prepared to explain the results of the Potato Lab and Egg Lab
Be prepared to explain the results of both the Diffusion STEM Case and Osmosis STEM Case.
What is a semi-permeable (or selectively permeable) membrane?
The characteristics of phospholipds and how this impacts the structure of the phospholipid bilayer
The function of the plasma membrane
The Fluid Mosaic Model, including the following components: phospholipids, cholesterol, protein channels and carrier proteins)
The difference between facilitated diffusion and diffusion
The differences between passive and active transport

Friday 11/21/2025

Today's Focus: Unit Review

Bell Question

1. I will start class by answering any questions students might have about the study guide.
  - - Look over the Study Guide and with your group, discuss possible questions.

Today's In-class Tasks

1. We will play a unit review game after answering student questions.

Assignment(s):

1. Finish reading and taking notes on Module 7 Lessons 2 & 3
2. Mak-up any late work for this unit. No Chemistry of Life Unit work will be accepted after the unit test.
3. Prep for your Unit Test, to be given on Tuesday, 11/25

Supportive Media

Wednesday 11/19/2025

Today's Focus: Osmosis Review / Cell Membrane / Cell Transport

Bell Question

1. Read this Reuters article about a contestant in a radio contest "Hold your wee for a Wii."
  - - How can you die from too much water?
    - How is this similar to the STEM case with Clark?
      1. What was the cause of his seizures?
        What was the solution?

Today's In-class Tasks

1. We will discuss the answers to the Bell Question and the Osmosis STEM case in Gizmos.
2. I will then lecture on different types of transport. I am sharing my Cell Transport Notes but it is expected that you take additional notes.
3. Anytime left in the block will be spent working on the Cell Transport Coloring Activity

Assignment(s):

1. Finish reading and taking notes on Module 7 Lessons 2 & 3
2. Mak-up any late work for this unit. No Chemistry of Life Unit work will be accepted after the unit test.
3. Prep for your Unit Test, to be given on Tuesday, 11/25

Supportive Media

Video 1: Water Intoxication

Image 1: Phospholipid

Image 2: Micelle

Micelles are important in the transportation (and absorption) of fats and fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E and K) in the small intestine. Both fats and fat soluble vitamins are hydrophobic.

Image 3: Phospholipid Bilayer

Phospholipid bilayers form the boundary layers around cells and membrane-bound organelles.

Video 2: Fluid Mosaic Model

Image 4: Cholesterol in Cell Membranes

Cholesterol is a type of lipid (fat molecule)

Cholesterol functions in the cell membrane by regulating its fluidity, stability, and permeability. At high temperatures, it decreases fluidity and permeability by interfering with the movement of phospholipids, while at low temperatures, it prevents the membrane from solidifying and maintains fluidity by disrupting the close packing of fatty acid chains. This dual role allows the cell membrane to maintain its structure and integrity across a range of temperatures.

Image 4: Types of Transport Proteins

Image 5: Sodium Potassium Pump

The sodium potassium pump is an example of active transport. Active transport is the movement of materials acroos the cell membrane that:

Goes against the concentration gradient (from low concentration to high concentration)
Requires energy, often in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Image 2: ATP

Video 2: Sodium Potassium Pump

Monday 11/17/2025

Today's Focus: Diffusion & Osmosis continued: Egg Observations - Final Observation / Cell Membrane & Cell Transport

Bell Question

1. Take out your Diffusion & Osmosis worksheet and open your Cell Transport Problems

Today's In-class Tasks

1. We will start class by going over the Properties of Water Quiz and the past few homework assignments
2. Students will move to The Final Phase of the Egg Observations and we will discuss the results.
3. Student will then play around with this interactive of the cell membrane and observe how the different particles pass through the membrane.
  1. - What can you conclude about the cell membrane after making your observations?
      1. We will then discuss observations
4. Students will then begin coloring the Cell Membrane on the Cell Membrane Coloring Activity handout and answer the question on the back
5. With any time left in the block, students will begin the Osmosis STEM case.

Assignment(s):

1. Complete the Osmosis STEM case.
2. Continue reading and taking notes on Module 7 Lessons 2 & 3

Supportive Media

Image 2: Structure of the Lungs

Image 3: Alveolus & Capillary

Image 4: Capillaries

Image 5: Cells that Form Alveoli

Thursday 11/13/2024

Today's Focus: Diffusion & Osmosis continued: Egg Observations & Potato Observations Day 2

Bell Question

1. No Bell Question, we will go straight into lab

Today's In-class Tasks

1. Students will move to Phase 2 of the Egg Observations.
2. Students will then record final masses of potato cores and determine the percent change in mass of each core.
  1. - Class data will be collected in the Potato Core Class Data spreadsheet, given in Google Classroom.
    - Students are responsible for knowing:
      1. Why was the percent change in mass of the potato cores NOT the same for each core?
      2. Why did some potato cores gain mass while others lost mass
      3. Using this data, how do we approximate the solute concentration of the potato cells.
      4. Given our class data table and data, determine data points in which the solution was hypertonic to the potato cells and others that were hypotonic to the potato cells.
3. We will then go over the answers to the homework assignment.
4. Any remaining time in the block will be spent working on today's homework assignment: Gizmos, Osmosis STEM case.

Assignment(s):

1. If you need/want to complete the Properties of Water Corrective, do so.
2. Complete any missing assignments.
3. Continue reading and taking notes on Module 7 Lessons 2 & 3

Supportive Media

Image 1: Percent Change Formula

Monday 11/10/2025

Today's Focus: Diffusion & Osmosis continued: Egg Observations & Potato Core Observations Day 1

Bell Question

1. Place your completed Osmosis Worksheet on the podium.

Today's In-class Tasks

1. Students will be given directions on how to set-up their egg in a beaker and complete Phase 1 Questions on the Egg Observations Lab Handout.
2. Students will then follow oral directions for a lab that will investigate the impact of different sugar concentrations on the rate of osmosis that occurs in potato cells.
  1. - All observations need to be recorded in student notebooks.
3. We will then go over the answers to the Osmosis Worksheet .
4. Students will then complete the Diffusion & Osmosis worksheet
5. Any remaining time in the block will be spent working on today's homework assignment, Cell Transport Problems #s 1 & 2 - given in Google Classroom.

Assignment

If not done in class, complete the Diffusion & Osmosis worksheet
Complete the Cell Transport Problems #s 1 & 2 worksheets - given in Google Classroom
Continue reading Module 7 - Lesson 3, The Plasma Membrane
1. - In order to receive bonus points on the test and be eligible for a re-take, students must have completed outline notes for this unit.

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Thursday 11/6/2025

Today's Focus:

Diffusion

Bell Question

1. We are going to watch the video below to understand why acetic acid is an acid.
2. Examine the the reaction depicted in Image 1.
  - - With your partners determine how the products are created from the reactants
3. You will be given lab instructions for a quick lab set-up

Today's In-class Tasks

1. We will discuss the particle movement assignment, make sure you take notes during the discussion. During the discussion we will need to access the Phet Diffusion Interactive and the PBS Osmosis Interactive Important terms to know during the discussion:
  1. - solute and solvent
    - low concentration, high concentration
    - concentration gradient
    - diffusion
    - net flow
    - equilibrium, dynamic equilibrium
    - hypotonic, isotonic, hypertonic
    - Factors impacting diffusion: temperature and mass of particles
2. After the discussion students will work on the Osmosis Worksheet
3. Any time left will be spent beginning the Diffusion & Osmosis worksheet OR starting the Diffusion STEM Case in Gizmos.

Assignment(s):

1. Complete the Osmosis Worksheet
2. Complete the Diffusion STEM Case in Gizmos.
  1. - Take your time when answering questions, your score will be dependent on how well you answer the questions.
3. Continue reading and taking notes on Module 7 Lessons 2 & 3

Supportive Media

Video 1: CH3COOH, an Acid, Base or Neutral

Image 1: Eggshell in Vinegar Chemistry

Image 2: That Stinks

Tuesday 11/4/2025

Today's Focus: Acids & Bases / Properties of Water Quiz /Particle Movement

Bell Question

With your partners discuss what image 1 is illustrating

Today's In-class Tasks

1. After discussing the Bell Question we will discuss the Phet pH simulation
2. Students will then take the Properties of Water Quiz
3. Once finished with the quiz, students can begin the Particle Movement Assignment, given in Google Classroom

Assignment(s):

1. Complete the Particle Movement Assignment, given in Google Classroom
2. Begin reading and taking notes on Module 7 Lessons 2 & 3
  1. - Take notes in outline style; we will go over Cornell Style notes next unit.

Supportive Media

Image 1: Acids and Bases

Friday 10/31/2025

Today's Focus: Properties of Water Lab Discussion (conclusion) / Acids & Bases

Bell Question

A biology class is studying the movement of water from the soil, through the roots and stem, and out to the leaves of a tall tree. The students are trying to understand how water can be pulled up over 100 meters to the highest leaves against the force of gravity without a mechanical pump.

The two main processes driving this movement are transpiration (water evaporation from leaves - see Image 1 below) and the unique properties of water itself.

Analyze the movement of water within the xylem (water-conducting tissue) of a plant and answer the following questions, using specific water properties to support your claims:

Identify and define the two main properties of water that allow a continuous column of water to form inside the narrow xylem tubes, stretching from the roots to the leaves.
What needs to happen in order for water to move from the liquid state to the gas state?
Explain the role of the property of water that is primarily responsible for creating the tension or pulling force at the leaf surface that draws the entire water column upwards.
If a plant were genetically modified to produce a sap with a significantly lower specific heat than water, how would this change impact the plant, particularly on a very sunny, hot day?
How can guard cells impact the rate of transpiration?

Today's In-class Tasks

1. After discussing the Bell Question we will finish reviewing the Properties of Water Lab. I will use these Properties of Water Lab Notes in the discussion
  1. - During the review students will take notes on the Properties of Water Doodle Notes given in class
    - While discussing the Acids and Bases component, we will watch the Bozeman video below.
2. Students will then begin the Phet Acids and Bases Assignment, given in Google Classroom.

Assignment(s):

1. Finish reading and taking notes on Module 6 Lesson 1, Matter and Lesson 3, Water and its Solutions
  1. - Take notes in outline style; we will go over Cornell Style notes next unit.
2. Prepare for a Properties of Water Quiz, to be given on Tuesday, 11/4.
  1. - Study all parts of the Module 6, Lesson 3 Study Guide

Supportive Media

Image 1: Transpiration

Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its subsequent evaporation from aerial parts, primarily the leaves, but also from stems and flowers.

Video 1: Bozeman, Acids and Bases

Wednesday 10/29/2025

Today's Focus: Properties of Water Lab Discussion

Bell Question

1. Login to Gizmos and open the Sticky Molecules Gizmo
  - - Set the tool to "Drop Diameter" and test all four substances
    - Use images 1 - 4, below, to justify the results
    - Discuss your justification with the people at your table
    - Which Properties of Water Lab activity best modeled this Gizmos Activity and why?

Today's In-class Tasks

1. We will review the Properties of Water Lab. I will use these Properties of Water Lab Notes in the discussion
  1. - During the review students will take notes on the Properties of Water Doodle Notes given in class
2. Anytime remaining will be spent discussing the Phet Interactive

Assignment(s):

1. Finish reading and taking notes on Module 6 Lesson 1, Matter and Lesson 3, Water and its Solutions
  1. - Take notes in outline style; we will go over Cornell Style notes next unit.
2. Prepare for a Properties of Water Quiz, to be given on Tuesday, 11/4.
3. If you plan on doing a retake on the Unit 1 test you must have completed the unit notes by the time of the assessment and you must:
  1. - Realize that this will be your ONE opportunity to re-take a test during Semester 1
    - Email Mr. Battagliese with you plan to do a re-take
    - Take the the test in the library, which will require a library pass
    - Retake the test by the end of the school day on Friday, 10/31

Supportive Media

Image 1: Water

Image 2: Hexane

Image 3: Mineral Oil

Image 4: Glycerin

Monday 10/27/2025

Today's Focus: Properties of Water Lab

Bell Question

1. No Bell Question.

Today's In-class Tasks

1. I still have trays in the lab area, if there is any part of the Properties of Water lab you still need to complete, please do so.
  1. - We are NOT doing the section with the ice at this point.
2. Go to Google Classroom, open the Sticky Molecules Gizmo assignment and complete it.

Assignment(s):

1. Finish reading and taking notes on Module 6 Lesson 1, Matter and Lesson 3, Water and its Solutions
  1. - Take notes in outline style; we will go over Cornell Style notes next unit.
2. If you plan on doing a retake on the Unit 1 test you must have completed the unit notes by the time of the assessment and you must:
  1. - Realize that this will be your ONE opportunity to re-take a test during Semester 1
    - Email Mr. Battagliese with you plan to do a re-take
    - Take the the test in the library, which will require a library pass
    - Retake the test by the end of the school day on Friday, 10/31

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Thursday 10/23/2025

Today's Focus: Properties of Water Lab

Bell Question

1. No Bell Question, we will go straight into the lab.

Today's In-class Tasks

1. Students will continue working on the Properties of Water Lab.

Assignment(s):

1. Continue reading and taking notes on Module 6 Lesson 1, Matter and Lesson 3, Water and its Solutions
  1. - Take notes in outline style; we will go over Cornell Style notes next unit.
2. If you plan on doing a retake on the Unit 1 test you must have completed the unit notes by the time of the assessment and you must:
  1. - Realize that this will be your ONE opportunity to re-take a test during Semester 1
    - Email Mr. Battagliese with you plan to do a re-take
    - Take the the test in the library, which will require a library pass
    - Retake the test by the end of the school day on Friday, 10/31

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Tuesday 10/21/2025

Today's Focus: Properties of Water & the Properties of Water Lab

Bell Question

1. Why is water a polar molecule? Be prepared to explain your answer.
2. Image 1 shows a glucose molecule. Is glucose polar? Be prepared to explain your answer.
3. Image 2 shows a triglyceride molecule. Is the triglyceride molecule polar? Be prepared to explain your answer.

Today's In-class Tasks

1. Class will begin by going over the Unit 1 Test
2. We will discuss water as a polar molecules and the effects this polarity has with respect to living things.
  1. - We will watch the Amoeba Sisters' video on Properties of Water as an overview
3. Students will then begin the Properties of Water Lab.

Assignment(s):

1. Begin reading and taking notes on Module 6 Lesson 1, Matter and Lesson 3, Water and its Solutions
  1. - Take notes in outline style; we will go over Cornell Style notes next unit.
2. If you plan on doing a retake on the Unit 1 test you must have completed the unit notes by the time of the assessment and you must:
  1. - Realize that this will be your ONE opportunity to re-take a test during Semester 1
    - Email Mr. Battagliese with you plan to do a re-take
    - Take the the test in the library, which will require a library pass
    - Retake the test by the end of the school day on Friday, 10/31

Supportive Media

Image 1: Glucose (a simple sugar molecule)

Image 2: Triglyceride, a fat molecule

Video 1: Amoeba Sisters Properties of Water

Friday 10/17/2025

Today's Focus:

Ionic and Covalent Bonding
Properties of Water

Bell Question

Water is said to be a "sticky molecule", what do you think this means?
It is also said that water and oil don't mix, why not?

Today's In-class Tasks

1. We will finish working through the Introduction to Biochemistry - Guided Notes handout as we discuss covalent bonding.
  1. - At one point in our discussion you will need to login to Gizmos and open the Covalent Bonding Gizmo
2. We will spend the rest of the class working on the Properties of Water Lab

Assignment(s):

1. No homework.

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Wednesday 10/15/2025

Today's Focus:

Atoms, The Periodic Table, Ionic and Covalent Bonding

Bell Question

We will start class by changing seats.
Answer the first 5 questions on the Introduction to Biochemistry - Guided Notes handout

Today's In-class Tasks

1. We will watch the Bozeman video below before working through the Introduction to Biochemistry - Guided Notes handout as we discuss atoms and atomic bonding.
  1. - Interactive Periodic Table
    - We will use this Introduction to Biochemistry - Guided Notes handout

Assignment(s):

1. No homework.

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Introduction to Biochemistry - Guided Notes handout

Video 1: Bozeman Science, Chemical Bonds

Friday 10/10/2025

Today's Focus:

Ionic and Covalent Bonding

Bell Question

Today's In-class Tasks

1. You will be given a hard copy of the Ionic Bonding student worksheet; complete the worksheet as you work through the Ionic Bonding Gizmo.
2. Once finished with the Ionic Bonding Gizmo, open the Covalent Bonding Gizmo and complete that worksheet. You will also be given a printed copy of the Covalent Bonding student worksheet.

Assignment(s):

1. If not done in class, complete the bonding Gizmos and student worksheet.

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