World Civ Spring 12.3

Revolution 2.0: Three Crises in Early Period E

In the first half of period E, China simultaneously underwent three major crises that threw the nation into chaos: economic depression, a civil war, and an invasion by Japan. As World War I drew to a close, the young Chinese Republic was already falling apart. After a violent "warlord period" of about 10 years, the party begun by Sun Yat Sen-- the KMT-- reunited a fragile republic under the leadership of Chiang Kai-shek. However, fighting between Chiang and supporters of Mao Zedong's CCP (Communist Party) soon led to another outbreak of civil war. At the same time, the rising empire of Japan invaded northern China and committed mass atrocities in their attempt to subdue China. Within 4 years after the end of The Second World War, Mao and the CCP had conquered China and established rule by a communist party that still controls the nation today.

Key Questions:

How did the results of The First World War make China's early period E problems much worse?

What events enabled Mao and the CCP to conquer or "revolutionize" all of China by 1949?

What is the legacy of the "Rape of Nanking?"

Homework:

Read pages 61-65 in your reader

For this assignment, you have two options:

HW Option 1: Answer the following "overarching" questions in a single, brief paragraph each. Use (don't just define!) at least 5 of the key terms below in each paragraph. Write your answers in a google doc.

1. How did events and decisions at the end of the First World War make China's early period E problems much worse?

2. By 1928, the KMT controlled most of China. How then did they lose all but the island of Taiwan by 1949 to Mao and the CCP?

HW Option 2: Answer the following study questions briefly in a google doc as you read.

1. How and why did Yuan Shikai force Sun Yat-sen out of power in China in 1913? What was the result of Yuan’s rise to power

2. How did the First World War negatively affect China?

3. Explain the meaning and significance of the May 4^th movement.

4. What were the results of Dr. Sun’s attempts to regain power in China during the early 1920s?

5. Who was Chiang Kai-shek, and what did he accomplish?

6. Explain the split between the KMT and CCP. In what sense do you think the KMT was trying to follow the principles of Dr. Sun? Why do you think the CCP opposed them?

7. How did Chiang Kai-shek respond to the Japanese occupation of Manchuria?

8. What was the Long March?

9. Why did Chiang Kai-shek finally decide to turn and fight the Japanese?

10. Identify and note the important aspects of the anti-Japanese war for the KMT and the CCP.

11. Why do you think the KMT was unable to maintain power in China after the end of WWII?

12. Read the box on the Nanking Massacre. What do you see as the legacy of this horrific event?