ground movements

Reference: 7110.65 3-7-2: Taxi and Ground Movement Operations

The basic phraseology for a taxi instruction:

"RUNWAY (number), TAXI VIA (route as necessary)."

or

"RUNWAY (number), TAXI VIA (route as necessary), (hold short instructions as necessary."

Here are a few examples of some standard day-to-day taxi instructions you may give to aircraft at HIO when you’re controlling: 

"N52LM, Hillsboro Ground, runway three one left, taxi via Golf, Alpha."

"N804QS, Hillsboro Ground, runway one three right, taxi via Mike, Alpha, cross runway two zero on Alpha."

Note: Per the AIM 4-3-14(a), pilots are expected to communicate on the appropriate Ground frequency and then change on their own to the Tower frequency when ready for departure (emphasis added):

"Unless otherwise advised by the tower, remain on that frequency during taxiing and runup, then change to local control frequency when ready to request takeoff clearance."

You may explicitly tell them to contact or monitor Tower at an earlier point, or remind them of the guidance in the AIM if they ask you for permission to switch to Tower when they're holding short of the runway.

Progressive Taxi

Per 7110.65 3-7-2(i), issue progressive taxi/ground movement instructions when:

• A pilot/operator requests.

• The specialist deems it necessary due to traffic or field conditions, e.g., construction or closed taxiways.

• Necessary during reduced visibility, especially when the taxi route is not visible from the tower.

This is most common for pilots that aren't familiar with the airport or don't have an airport diagram chart available.

Break up the taxi instructions into short instructions that are easy for the pilot to follow. Have them hold at a certain point or issue the next instruction before they get there. You can also use directional turns like "turn right on B" or "turn left at the next taxiway."