Project 2

Medical

Title: Las metástasis cerebrales podrían interferir en los circuitos neuronales

Source: Univadis

Spanish Article: https://www.univadis.es/viewarticle/las-met%25C3%25A1stasis-cerebrales-podr%25C3%25AD-interferir-en-los-2023a1000mw1

Tools used: DeepL Transaltor & Matecat

Note: Differences are highlighted in Blue

Source Text

Las metástasis cerebrales podrían interferir en los circuitos neuronales

DeepL

Brain metastases may interfere with neural circuitry

Matecat

Brain metastases could interfere with neural circuits

Hasta un 44 % de los pacientes con metástasis cerebrales sufren alteraciones cognitivas con un gran impacto en su calidad de vida. Hasta la fecha se creía que esto era debido al efecto masa del tumor, que presionaba el tejido neuronal. Sin embargo, recientemente esta hipótesis se está cuestionando, ya que no todos los pacientes se ven afectados de la misma manera y la afectación parece no tener relación con el tamaño del tumor.

Up to 44% of patients with brain metastases suffer cognitive alterations with a major impact on their quality of life. To date, it was believed that this was due to the mass effect of the tumor, which put pressure on neural tissue. However, recently this hypothesis is being questioned, as not all patients are affected in the same way and the affectation seems to be unrelated to the size of the tumor.

Up to 44% of patients with brain metastases suffer cognitive impairments with a great impact on their quality of life. Until now it was believed that this was due to the mass effect of the tumor, which pressed on the neuronal tissue. However, recently this hypothesis is being questioned, since not all patients are affected in the same way and the involvement seems to have no relation to the size of the tumor.

Ahora una investigación española, liderada por el Centro de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO) y el Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) y publicada recientemente en Cancer Cell, propone que la pérdida cognitiva en pacientes con metástasis cerebrales podría deberse a las interferencias que provoca el cáncer en los circuitos neuronales. La diseminación de las células cancerosas en el cerebro modificaría la química cerebral alterando la comunicación neuronal.

Now Spanish research, led by the Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO) and the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and recently published in Cancer Cell, proposes that cognitive loss in patients with brain metastases could be due to the interference caused by cancer in neuronal circuits. The spread of cancer cells in the brain would modify brain chemistry by altering neuronal communication.

Now, Spanish research, led by the Spanish Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) and the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and recently published in Cancer Cell, proposes that cognitive loss in patients with brain metastases could be due to interference caused by cancer in neuronal circuits. The spread of cancer cells in the brain would modify brain chemistry by altering neuronal communication.

Los investigadores midieron la actividad eléctrica del cerebro de ratones con y sin metástasis, observando diferencias en los registros electrofisiológicos. Más tarde, y mediante el uso de inteligencia artificial estudiaron si estas diferencias podrían ser atribuibles a las metástasis. Los resultados confirmaron sus sospechas: las diferencias se debían a la presencia o no de metástasis. El algoritmo pudo incluso diferenciar metástasis provenientes de tumores primarios distintos (cáncer de mama, pulmón o piel).

The researchers measured the electrical activity of the brains of mice with and without metastases, observing differences in the electrophysiological recordings. Later, using artificial intelligence, they studied whether these differences could be attributable to metastases. The results confirmed their suspicions: the differences were due to the presence or absence of metastases. The algorithm was even able to differentiate metastases from different primary tumors (breast, lung or skin cancer).

The researchers measured the electrical activity of the brains of mice with and without metastases, observing differences in the electrophysiological recordings. Later, and through the use of artificial intelligence, they studied whether these differences could be attributable to metastases. The results confirmed their suspicions: the differences were due to the presence or absence of metastases. The algorithm was even able to differentiate metastases from different primary tumors (breast, lung or skin cancer).

Estos resultados muestran que las metástasis tienen un impacto en la actividad eléctrica del cerebro, con una huella clara y reconocible. Esto tiene, según los autores, implicaciones para la prevención, diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento. Además, se analizaron los genes que se expresan en los tejidos afectados, identificando la molécula EGR1 con un papel potencialmente importante en el proceso, pudiendo llevar al diseño de un fármaco que prevenga o palíe los efectos neurocognitivos de las metástasis cerebrales.

These results show that metastases have an impact on the electrical activity of the brain, with a clear and recognizable trace. This has, according to the authors, implications for prevention, early diagnosis and treatment. In addition, the genes expressed in the affected tissues were analyzed, identifying the EGR1 molecule with a potentially important role in the process, which could lead to the design of a drug to prevent or mitigate the neurocognitive effects of brain metastases.

These results show that metastases have an impact on the electrical activity of the brain, with a clear and recognizable footprint. This has, according to the authors, implications for prevention, early diagnosis and treatment. In addition, the genes that are expressed in the affected tissues were analyzed, identifying the EGR1 molecule with a potentially important role in the process, which may lead to the design of a drug that prevents or alleviates the neurocognitive effects of brain metastases.

Manuel Valiente, director del grupo de Metástasis Cerebral del CNIO, explicó en nota de prensa: “Nuestro estudio multidisciplinar cuestiona el hecho hasta ahora aceptado de que la disfunción neurológica, muy habitual en pacientes con metástasis cerebral, se debe únicamente al efecto masa del tumor. Nosotros proponemos que estos síntomas son consecuencia de cambios en la actividad cerebral producto de las alteraciones bioquímicas y moleculares, inducidas por el tumor. Es un cambio de paradigma que podría tener implicaciones relevantes para el diagnóstico y las estrategias terapéuticas”.

Manuel Valiente, Director of the CNIO Brain Metastasis Group, explained in a press release: "Our multidisciplinary study challenges the hitherto accepted assumption that neurological dysfunction, which is very common in patients with brain metastases, is due solely to the mass effect of the tumor. We propose that these symptoms are the consequence of changes in brain activity resulting from tumor-induced biochemical and molecular alterations. This is a paradigm shift that could have relevant implications for diagnosis and therapeutic strategies".

Manuel Valiente, director of the Brain Metastasis group at the CNIO, explained in a press release: "Our multidisciplinary study questions the hitherto accepted fact that neurological dysfunction, which is very common in patients with brain metastases, is due solely to the mass effect of the tumour. We propose that these symptoms are a consequence of changes in brain activity due to biochemical and molecular alterations induced by the tumor. It is a paradigm shift that could have relevant implications for diagnosis and therapeutic strategies. "

Final version as reviewed by human translator

Brain metastases could interfere with neuronal circuits

Up to 44% of patients with brain metastases suffer cognitive alterations with a great impact on their quality of life. To date, it was believed that this was due to the mass effect of the tumor, which put pressure on the neuronal tissue. However, recently this hypothesis is being questioned, since not all patients are affected in the same way and the involvement seems to be unrelated to the size of the tumor.

Now a Spanish investigation, led by the Center for Oncological Research (CNIO) and the Higher Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) and recently published in Cancer Cell, proposes that cognitive loss in patients with brain metastases could be due to the interference caused by the cancer in neuronal circuits. The spread of cancer cells in the brain would modify brain chemistry, altering neuronal communication.

The researchers measured the electrical activity of the brain of mice with and without metastases, observing differences in the electrophysiological recordings. Later, using artificial intelligence, they studied whether these differences could be attributable to metastases. The results confirmed their suspicions: the differences were due to the presence or absence of metastases. The algorithm was even able to differentiate metastases from different primary tumors (breast, lung or skin cancer).

These results show that metastases have an impact on the electrical activity of the brain, with a clear and recognizable imprint. This has, according to the authors, implications for prevention, early diagnosis and treatment. In addition, the genes that are expressed in the affected tissues were analyzed, identifying the EGR1 molecule with a potentially important role in the process, which could lead to the design of a drug that prevents or alleviates the neurocognitive effects of brain metastases.

Manuel Valiente, director of the Brain Metastasis group at the CNIO, explained in a press release: “Our multidisciplinary study questions the hitherto accepted fact that neurological dysfunction, very common in patients with brain metastasis, is due solely to the mass effect of the tumor. . We propose that these symptoms are a consequence of changes in brain activity resulting from biochemical and molecular alterations induced by the tumor. “It is a paradigm shift that could have relevant implications for diagnosis and therapeutic strategies.”

Comments

After having read and compared both machine translations, in this occasion I don't have a favorite tool, since both had errors.

ST: "ya que no todos los pacientes"

DeepL: as not all patients

Matecat: since not all patients

Comment: In this case Matecat makes a better translation, since "as all patients", means in Spanish "como no todos los pacientes" and in this way the conjunction "ya que" that explains why the event occurs.

ST: "Manuel Valiente, director del grupo de Metástasis Cerebral del CNIO"

DeepL: Manuel Valiente, Director of the CNIO Brain Metastasis Group

Matecat: Manuel Valiente, director of the Brain Metastasis group at the CNIO

Comment: In this case DeepL made a better translation, since although the word Director is lowercase in Spanish, it must be capitalized in English, since the rule is that all personal titles must be capitalized

ST: Nosotros proponemos que estos síntomas son consecuencia de cambios en la actividad cerebral producto de las alteraciones bioquímicas y moleculares, inducidas por el tumor.

DeepL: We propose that these symptoms are the consequence of changes in brain activity resulting from tumor-induced biochemical and molecular alterations.

Matecat: We propose that these symptoms are a consequence of changes in brain activity due to biochemical and molecular alterations induced by the tumor.

Comment: In this case I prefer Matecat Translator because I think it has more clarity. Matecat uses the correct translation according to the ST.

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